Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23575357›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2013

Molecular cloning of doublesex genes of four cladocera (water flea) species.

Kenji Toyota, Yasuhiko Kato, Masaru Sato, Naomi Sugiura, Shinichi Miyagawa, Hitoshi Miyakawa, Hajime Watanabe, Shigeto Oda, Yukiko Ogino, Chizue Hiruta and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Evolution of environmental sex determination via juvenile hormone-induced gene co-option inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Evolution of sex determination in crustaceans.Marine life science & technology · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Kenji ToyotaOkazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, and Department of Basic Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan.
Yasuhiko Kato
Masaru Sato
Naomi Sugiura
Shinichi Miyagawa
Hitoshi Miyakawa
Hajime Watanabe
Shigeto Oda
Yukiko Ogino
Chizue Hiruta
Takeshi Mizutani
Norihisa Tatarazako
Susanne Paland
Craig Jackson
John K Colbourne
Taisen Iguchi
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI · JPNational Institutes of Natural Sciences · JPIndiana University Bloomington · USNational Institute for Environmental Studies · JPOkazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience · JPOsaka University · JPUniversity of Birmingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe gene doublesex (dsx) is known as a key factor regulating genetic sex determination in many organisms. We previously identified two dsx genes (DapmaDsx1 and DapmaDsx2) from a freshwater branchiopod crustacean, Daphnia magna, which are expressed in males but not in females. D. magna produces males by parthenogenesis in response to environmental cues (environmental sex determination) and we showed that DapmaDsx1 expression during embryonic stages is responsible for the male trait development. The D. magna dsx genes are thought to have arisen by a cladoceran-specific duplication; therefore, to investigate evolutionary conservation of sex specific expression of dsx genes and to further assess their functions in the environmental sex determination, we searched for dsx homologs in four closely related cladoceran species.

resultsWe identified homologs of both dsx genes from, D. pulex, D. galeata, and Ceriodaphnia dubia, yet only a single dsx gene was found from Moina macrocopa. The deduced amino acid sequences of all 9 dsx homologs contained the DM and oligomerization domains, which are characteristic for all arthropod DSX family members. Molecular phylogenetic analysis suggested that the dsx gene duplication likely occurred prior to the divergence of these cladoceran species, because that of the giant tiger prawn Penaeus monodon is rooted ancestrally to both DSX1 and DSX2 of cladocerans. Therefore, this result also suggested that M. macrocopa lost dsx2 gene secondarily. Furthermore, all dsx genes identified in this study showed male-biased expression levels, yet only half of the putative 5' upstream regulatory elements are preserved in D. magna and D. pulex.

conclusionsThe all dsx genes of five cladoceran species examined had similar amino acid structure containing highly conserved DM and oligomerization domains, and exhibited sexually dimorphic expression patterns, suggesting that these genes may have similar functions for environmental sex determination in cladocerans.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceAnimalsArthropod ProteinsBase SequenceBinding SitesCladoceraCloning, MolecularConserved SequenceFemaleGene DuplicationGene Expression RegulationMaleMolecular Sequence AnnotationPromoter Regions, GeneticSex CharacteristicsSpecies SpecificityArthropod Proteins

Identifiers

PMID23575357
PMCPMC3637828
OpenAlexW1981158696

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.