ReviewBiology of mood & anxiety disorders2013
Early experiences and the development of emotional learning systems in rats.
Review in Biology of mood & anxiety disorders, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ameliorative Effect of Moringa oleifera Against CUMS-Induced Anxiety in Rats: β-Catenin and 5-HTMolecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Social experience in adolescence shapes prefrontal cortex structure and function in adulthood.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Maternal neglect alters reward-anticipatory behavior, social status stability, and reward circuit activation in adult male rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Early-life stress exposure and large-scale covariance brain networks in extremely preterm-born infants.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Recovery of memory from infantile amnesia is developmentally constrained.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Early Adversity and the Neotenous Human Brain.Biological psychiatry · 2020Review
- Translating Developmental Neuroscience to Understand Risk for Psychiatric Disorders.The American journal of psychiatry · 2019Review
- Differential Associations of Deprivation and Threat With Cognitive Control and Fear Conditioning in Early Childhood.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2019Article
- Trauma, PTSD, and the Developing Brain.Current psychiatry reports · 2017Review
- The Stress Acceleration Hypothesis of Nightmares.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
- Effects of early life stress on amygdala and striatal development.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2016Review
- The Stress Acceleration Hypothesis: Effects of early-life adversity on emotion circuits and behavior.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2016Article
- Early life stress is associated with default system integrity and emotionality during infancy.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2015Article
- Infralimbic EphB2 Modulates Fear Extinction in Adolescent Rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015Article
- Prenatal Stress Alters the Development of Socioemotional Behavior and Amygdala Neuron Excitability in Rats.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015Article
- Neonatal handling (resilience) attenuates water-avoidance stress induced enhancement of chronic mechanical hyperalgesia in the rat.Neuroscience letters · 2015Article
- The international society for developmental psychobiology Sackler symposium: early adversity and the maturation of emotion circuits--a cross-species analysis.Developmental psychobiology · 2014Review
- Developmental rodent models of fear and anxiety: from neurobiology to pharmacology.British journal of pharmacology · 2014Review
- Learning from the spinal cord: how the study of spinal cord plasticity informs our view of learning.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2014Review
- Animal models of fear relapse.ILAR journal · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Research first reported nearly 50 years ago demonstrated that infant and young animals (including humans) exhibit profoundly faster rates of forgetting (i.e., infantile amnesia) than do adults. In addition to these differences in retention, more recent research has shown that inhibition of fear learning is also very different in infancy than in adulthood. Specifically, extinction of fear early in life is much more resistant to relapse than is extinction later in life. Both of these findings suggest that young animals should be especially resilient to the emergence of mental health disorders, which appears to be at odds with the view that early-life experiences are particularly important for the development of later psychopathologies (such as anxiety disorders) and with the finding that the majority of anxiety disorders first emerge in adolescence or childhood. This apparent paradox might be resolved, however, if exposure to chronic stress early in life affects the maturation of the fear retention and extinction systems, leading to a faster transition to the adult form of each (i.e., long-lasting fear memories and relapse-prone extinction). In several recent studies we have found exactly this pattern; that is, infant rats exposed to maternal-separation stress exhibit adult-like fear and extinction learning early in development. Further, we have demonstrated that some of these effects can be mimicked by exposing the mother to the stress hormone corticosterone in their drinking water (in lieu of the separation procedure). These findings suggest that early-life exposure to stress and stress hormones may act as a general signal that can alter the developmental trajectory of emotional systems and potentially place animals at greater risk for the development of anxiety. The implications of these recent findings for our understanding of the developmental origins of health and disease, and for enhancing preventative and therapeutic treatments across the lifespan, are considered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.