ArticlePloS one2013
A general business model for marine reserves.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Marine protected areas for dive tourism.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- 3D ocean assessments reveal that fisheries reach deep but marine protection remains shallow.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Evolving the narrative for protecting a rapidly changing ocean, post-COVID-19.Aquatic conservation : marine and freshwater ecosystems · 2021Article
- Evidence that spillover from Marine Protected Areas benefits the spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus) fishery in southern California.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- A fast-moving target: achieving marine conservation goals under shifting climate and policies.Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America · 2020Article
- Lessons from Philippines MPA Management: Social Ecological Interactions, Participation, and MPA Performance.Environmental management · 2018Article
- Accounting for tourism benefits in marine reserve design.PloS one · 2017Article
- The right incentives enable ocean sustainability successes and provide hope for the future.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Natural capital and ecosystem services informing decisions: From promise to practice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Assessing the effect of marine reserves on household food security in Kenyan coral reef fishing communities.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Marine reserves are an effective tool for protecting biodiversity locally, with potential economic benefits including enhancement of local fisheries, increased tourism, and maintenance of ecosystem services. However, fishing communities often fear short-term income losses associated with closures, and thus may oppose marine reserves. Here we review empirical data and develop bioeconomic models to show that the value of marine reserves (enhanced adjacent fishing + tourism) may often exceed the pre-reserve value, and that economic benefits can offset the costs in as little as five years. These results suggest the need for a new business model for creating and managing reserves, which could pay for themselves and turn a profit for stakeholder groups. Our model could be expanded to include ecosystem services and other benefits, and it provides a general framework to estimate costs and benefits of reserves and to develop such business models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.