ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2013
A preformulation strategy for the selection of penetration enhancers for a transungual formulation.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of the Drug Penetration Enhancer Propylene Glycol Interacting with Skin Lipid Membranes.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2024Article
- Hydroxypropyl chitosan nail lacquer of ciclopirox-PLGA nanocapsules for augmented in vitro nail plate absorption and onychomycosis treatment.Drug delivery · 2022Article
- The Unique Carboxymethyl Fenugreek Gum Gel Loaded Itraconazole Self-Emulsifying Nanovesicles for Topical Onychomycosis Treatment.Polymers · 2022Article
- Effect of Penetration Enhancers on Drug Nail Permeability from Cyclodextrin/Poloxamer-Soluble Polypseudorotaxane-Based Nail Lacquers.Pharmaceutics · 2018Article
- Lateral drug diffusion in human nails.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Onychomycosis is associated with the cutaneous fungal infection of the nail and the nail folds (skin surrounding the nail). It is therefore important to target drug delivery into the nail folds along with nail plate and the nail bed. Systematic and strategic selection of the penetration enhancers specific for the skin and the nail is discussed. Twelve penetration enhancers were screened for their ability to improve solubility, in vitro nail penetration, in vitro skin permeation, and in vitro skin penetration of the antifungal drug ciclopirox olamine. In contrast to transdermal drug delivery, the main selection criteria for skin penetration enhancer in topical drug delivery were increased drug accumulation in the epidermis and minimal permeation across the skin. Thiourea improved the solubility and nail penetration of ciclopirox olamine. It also showed enhancement in the transungual diffusion of the drug. Propylene glycol showed a 12-fold increase in solubility and 3-fold increase in epidermal accumulation of ciclopirox olamine, while minimizing the transdermal movement of the drug. Thiourea was the selected nail permeation enhancer and propylene glycol was the selected skin penetration enhancer of ciclopirox olamine. A combination of the selected enhancers was also explored for its effect on drug delivery to the nail and nail folds. The enhancer combination reduced the penetration of ciclopirox in the skin and also the permeation through the nail. The proposed preformulation strategy helps to select appropriate enhancers for optimum topical delivery and paves way towards an efficient topical formulation for passive transungual drug delivery.
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