Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23571417›Full record

ArticleNeuroImage2013

fMRI in the awake marmoset: somatosensory-evoked responses, functional connectivity, and comparison with propofol anesthesia.

Junjie V Liu, Yoshiyuki Hirano, George C Nascimento, Bojana Stefanovic, David A Leopold, Afonso C Silva

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in NeuroImage, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. An open access resource for marmoset neuroscientific apparatus.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025
    Article
  5. Mesoscopic mapping of hemodynamic responses and neuronal activity during pharmacologically induced interictal spikes in awake and anesthetized mice.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024
    Article
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  20. Twitches, Blinks, and Fidgets: Important Generators of Ongoing Neural Activity.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2019
    Review

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Junjie V LiuCerebral Microcirculation Unit, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room B1D106, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. liu@junjie.com
Yoshiyuki Hirano
George C Nascimento
Bojana Stefanovic
David A Leopold
Afonso C Silva
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke · USNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Neurophysiology Imaging Facility Core: Functional and Structural MRIZICMH002899 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI LEOPOLD, DAVID A · 2009 to 2025
$29.1M
Spatial-Temporal Characterization of The Hemodynamic Response to Neural ActivityZIANS003041 · NINDS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE · PI SILVA, AFONSO · 2009 to 2019
$17.1M
The Neural Underpinnings of Functional MRI NetworksZIAMH002896 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI LEOPOLD, DAVID A · 2009 to 2025
$13.6M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 NS999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA NS003041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Functional neuroimaging in animal models is essential for understanding the principles of neurovascular coupling and the physiological basis of fMRI signals that are widely used to study sensory and cognitive processing in the human brain. While hemodynamic responses to sensory stimuli have been characterized in humans, animal studies are able to combine very high resolution imaging with invasive measurements and pharmacological manipulation. To date, most high-resolution studies of neurovascular coupling in small animals have been carried out in anesthetized rodents. Here we report fMRI experiments in conscious, awake common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), and compare responses to animals anesthetized with propofol. In conscious marmosets, robust BOLD fMRI responses to somatosensory stimulation of the forearm were found in contralateral and ipsilateral regions of the thalamus, primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortex, and the caudate nucleus. These responses were markedly stronger than those in anesthetized marmosets and showed a monotonic increase in the amplitude of the BOLD response with stimulus frequency. On the other hand, anesthesia significantly attenuated responses in thalamus, SI and SII, and abolished responses in caudate and ipsilateral SI. Moreover, anesthesia influenced several other aspects of the fMRI responses, including the shape of the hemodynamic response function and the interareal (SI-SII) spontaneous functional connectivity. Together, these findings demonstrate the value of the conscious, awake marmoset model for studying physiological responses in the somatosensory pathway, in the absence of anesthesia, so that the data can be compared most directly to fMRI in conscious humans.

Indexed as

Magnetic Resonance ImagingModels, AnimalAnesthetics, IntravenousAnimalsBrainCallithrixEvoked Potentials, SomatosensoryNeural PathwaysPropofolWakefulnessAnesthetics, IntravenousPropofol

Identifiers

PMID23571417
PMCPMC3778909
OpenAlexW2046745543

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.