ReviewNeurology2013
PML diagnostic criteria: consensus statement from the AAN Neuroinfectious Disease Section.
Review in Neurology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 330 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
330 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 684 citations in OpenAlex.
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple myeloma: a case report of a patient with SARS-CoV-2 infection and an updated systematic literature review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Pooled it
- Disease-modifying therapies and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2021Pooled it
- Bispecific Antibodies Are Associated With Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Bispecific antibody therapy in multiple myeloma and risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Pembrolizumab in people with HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a retrospective case series.Infection · 2026Article
- Review
- Brain Immune Cell Composition in Multiple Sclerosis and Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Natalizumab: An Immunohistochemical Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Successful treatment of severe, refractory polyomavirus disease with partially HLA-matched donor-derived BKPyV-specific T cells in a pediatric kidney recipient.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy or Lymphoma? A Massive Unilateral Hemispheric Mimicker in a Patient Undergoing Lymphoma Treatment.Reports (MDPI) · 2026Article
- Review
- Outcome Predictors in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Associated With Multiple Sclerosis Treatments: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in AIDS: The Diagnostic Role of PET Imaging.Infectious disease reports · 2026Article
- Biopsy-Confirmed Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy During Epcoritamab Therapy Despite Negative CSF JC Virus PCR: A Case Report.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Article
- Revisiting the Intracranial Neurological Imaging Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Pictorial Review with a Pattern-Based Approach.The Indian journal of radiology & imaging · 2026Article
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Initially Considered as Central Nervous System Involvement of Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder: The Critical Role of Contrast Enhancement on Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- MicroRNA biomarkers for JC virus reactivation and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients: a systematic review.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
- Pembrolizumab Experience in a Patient with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Following Multiple Myeloma Treatment: A Case Report and Literature Review.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2026Article
- Overview of MRI findings in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.Japanese journal of radiology · 2025Review
- Comparison of clinical, radiological and outcome parameters in patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with and without HIV infection: a cohort study.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a young adult with DOCK8 deficiency: a case of JC virus reactivation in primary immunodeficiency.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
270 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo establish criteria for the diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).
methodsWe reviewed available literature to identify various diagnostic criteria employed. Several search strategies employing the terms "progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy" with or without "JC virus" were performed with PubMed, SCOPUS, and EMBASE search engines. The articles were reviewed by a committee of individuals with expertise in the disorder in order to determine the most useful applicable criteria.
resultsA consensus statement was developed employing clinical, imaging, pathologic, and virologic evidence in support of the diagnosis of PML. Two separate pathways, histopathologic and clinical, for PML diagnosis are proposed. Diagnostic classification includes certain, probable, possible, and not PML.
conclusionDefinitive diagnosis of PML requires neuropathologic demonstration of the typical histopathologic triad (demyelination, bizarre astrocytes, and enlarged oligodendroglial nuclei) coupled with the techniques to show the presence of JC virus. The presence of clinical and imaging manifestations consistent with the diagnosis and not better explained by other disorders coupled with the demonstration of JC virus by PCR in CSF is also considered diagnostic. Algorithms for establishing the diagnosis have been recommended.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.