ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2013
Racial differences in arterial stiffness and microcirculatory function between Black and White Americans.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global distributions of age- and sex-related arterial stiffness: systematic review and meta-analysis of 167 studies with 509,743 participants.EBioMedicine · 2023Pooled it
- Novel Measures of Arterial Hemodynamics and Wave Reflections Associated With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Racial Disparities in Arterial Stiffness Between Healthy Whites and African Americans in the United States: A Meta-analysis.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2019Pooled it
- Aerobic Training Attenuates Differences Between Black and White Adults in Left Ventricular-Vascular Coupling and Wasted Pressure Effort.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Trial
- Effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on coronary blood flow and microcirculation.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Trial
- Differential Sex-Specific Effects of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Therapy on Arterial Function in Hypertension: CALIBREX Trial.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2022Trial
- The treatment of mild OSA with CPAP or mandibular advancement device and the effect on blood pressure and endothelial function after one year of treatment.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2021Trial
- Racial Differences in the Effect of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Improved Walking Distance in Peripheral Artery Disease: The PROPEL Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Trial
- Mental Stress-Induced-Myocardial Ischemia in Young Patients With Recent Myocardial Infarction: Sex Differences and Mechanisms.Circulation · 2018Trial
- No Evidence of Racial Differences in Endothelial Function and Exercise Blood Flow in Young, Healthy Males Following Acute Antioxidant Supplementation.International journal of sports medicine · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Effect of the glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue liraglutide on coronary microvascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes - a randomized, single-blinded, cross-over pilot study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2015Trial
- Relations of Life's Essential 8 score with arterial and microvascular function: The Jackson Heart Study.Vascular medicine (London, England) · 2026Article
- Associations of urinary isoprostanes with structural and load-dependent arterial stiffness: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Article
- Racial disparity in microvascular function among non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Mortality trends and disparities associated with aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection in the United States from 1999 to 2023: a CDC WONDER database analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Evidence of racial differences in peripheral blood pressure, central haemodynamics and arterial stiffness between young Black and White women.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Endocrine enigmas: vascular health in females throughout the lifespan.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Review
- Carotid and regional arterial stiffness and dementia-related imaging biomarkers in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Racial differences in aortic perivascular adipose tissue volume and its association with arterial stiffness in middle-aged men.Atherosclerosis · 2025Article
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCompared with whites, black Americans suffer from a disproportionate burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that racial differences in the prevalence of CVD could be attributed, in part, to impaired vascular function in blacks after adjustment for differences in risk factor burden. METHODS AND
resultsWe assessed vascular function in 385 black and 470 white subjects (mean age, 48±11 years; 45% male). Using digital pulse amplitude tonometry (EndoPAT) we estimated the reactive hyperemia index (RHI), a measure of microvascular endothelial function, and peripheral augmentation index (PAT-AIx). Central augmentation index (C-AIx) and pulse-wave velocity (PWV) were measured as indices of wave reflections and arterial stiffness, respectively, using applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor). Compared with whites, blacks had lower RHI (2.1±0.6 versus 2.3±0.6, P<0.001), greater arterial wave reflections assessed as both PAT-AIx (20.4±21.5 versus 17.0±22.4, P=0.01) and CAIx (20.8±12.3 versus 17.5±13.3, P=0.001), and greater arterial stiffness, measured as PWV (7.4±1.6 versus 7.1±1.6 m/s, P=0.001). After adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors, black race remained a significant predictor of lower RHI and higher PAT-AIx and CAIx (all P<0.001) in all subjects and of higher PWV in men (P=0.01). Furthermore, these associations persisted in a subgroup analysis of "healthy" individuals free of CVD risk factors.
conclusionBlack race is associated with impaired microvascular vasodilatory function, and greater large arterial wave reflections and stiffness. Because impairment in these vascular indices may be associated with worse long-term outcomes, they may represent underlying mechanisms for the increased CVD risk in blacks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.