ArticleJournal of diabetes science and technology2013
An apparatus to quantify anteroposterior and mediolateral shear reduction in shoe insoles.
Article in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01844479 (Multi-material, Layer, and Density Insoles for a Patient-specific Approach to Shear and Pressure Reduction in the Treatment and Prevention of Diabetes-related Foot Ulcer), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Multi-material, Layer, and Density Insoles for a Patient-specific Approach to Shear and Pressure Reduction in the Treatment and Prevention of Diabetes-related Foot Ulcer
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- A novel shear reduction insole effect on the thermal response to walking stress, balance, and gait.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2014Trial
- In-shoe plantar temperature, normal and shear stress relationships during gait and rest periods for people living with and without diabetes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Finite-element analysis-based design and efficacy assessment of a three-dimensional anisotropic heel cushioning pad for diabetic foot management.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- The correlation between Diabetes and age-related degeneration and the static and dynamic 3D mechanical distribution of different plantar regions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMany of the physiological changes that lead to diabetic foot ulceration, such as muscle atrophy and skin hardening, are manifested at the foot-ground interface via pressure and shear points. Novel shear-reducing insoles have been developed, but their magnitude of shear stiffness has not yet been compared with regular insoles. The aim of this study was to develop an apparatus that would apply shear force and displacement to an insole's forefoot region, reliably measure deformation, and calculate insole shear stiffness.
methodsAn apparatus consisting of suspended weights was designed to test the forefoot region of insoles. Three separate regions representing the hallux; the first and second metatarsals; and the third, fourth, and fifth metatarsals were sheared at 20 mm/min for displacements from 0.1 to 1.0 mm in both the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions for two types of insoles (regular and shear reducing).
resultsShear reduction was found to be significant for the intervention insoles under all testing conditions. The ratio of a regular insole's effective stiffness and the experimental insole's effective stiffness across forefoot position versus shear direction, gait instance versus shear direction, and forefoot position versus gait instance was 270% ± 79%, 270% ± 96%, and 270% ± 86%, respectively. The apparatus was reliable with an average measured coefficient of variation of 0.034 and 0.069 for the regular and shear-reducing insole, respectively.
conclusionAn apparatus consisting of suspended weights resting atop three locations of interest sheared across an insole was demonstrated to be capable of measuring the insole shear stiffness accurately, thus quantifying shear-reducing effects of a new type of insole.
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Registered trials
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