SynthesisPloS one2013
Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 225 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Description of Pneumococcal Community-acquired Pneumonia in General Practice in France
Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization Among Colombian Adults (Pneumo-CAP Colombia)
Who cites it
225 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 427 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of qSOFA in predicting mortality of pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Efficacy of PPV23 in Preventing Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Adults at Increased Risk--A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Phase 3 Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of V116 in Pneumococcal Vaccine-Experienced Adults 50 Years of Age or Older (STRIDE-6).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of a multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy infants: A phase 2 randomized trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- A randomized phase 1/2 study of the safety and immunogenicity of a multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy adults 50 through 85 years of age.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Trial
- A randomized phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of 2 novel pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in healthy Japanese adults in the United States.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Trial
- Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Recombinant Human Plasma Gelsolin in Patients Hospitalized for Nonsevere Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia using quantitative PCR targeting lytA and piaB in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Clinical and Economic Burden of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children in Suriname: A Nationwide Cohort Study From a Middle-income Country in the Absence of a Pneumococcal Immunization Program.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Burden of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: Significant Adverse Outcomes and Costs beyond Direct Treatment.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Economic Evaluation of PCV21 Use in Populations with Increasing Serotype 4 Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in the US: An Attributable Fraction Threshold Analysis.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Comparative Effectiveness of Azithromycin Versus Doxycycline in Hospitalized Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Treated With Beta-Lactams: A Multicenter Matched Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Impact of Serotype Uncertainty on Adult Pneumococcal Vaccine Options: A Value of Information Analysis.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Pneumococcal serotype distribution and outcomes in cancer patients with community-acquired pneumonia: A prospective study using the 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotype specific urinary antigen detection assay.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026Observational
- Factors associated with severe pneumonia in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia in Mongolia.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Inter-platform agreement and diagnostic performance of the automated LIAISONFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
165 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
48 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPneumococcal pneumonia causes significant morbidity and mortality among adults. Given limitations of diagnostic tests for non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, most studies report the incidence of bacteremic or invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), and thus, grossly underestimate the pneumococcal pneumonia burden. We aimed to develop a conceptual and quantitative strategy to estimate the non-bacteremic disease burden among adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) using systematic study methods and the availability of a urine antigen assay. METHODS AND
findingsWe performed a systematic literature review of studies providing information on the relative yield of various diagnostic assays (BinaxNOW® S. pneumoniae urine antigen test (UAT) with blood and/or sputum culture) in diagnosing pneumococcal pneumonia. We estimated the proportion of pneumococcal pneumonia that is bacteremic, the proportion of CAP attributable to pneumococcus, and the additional contribution of the Binax UAT beyond conventional diagnostic techniques, using random effects meta-analytic methods and bootstrapping. We included 35 studies in the analysis, predominantly from developed countries. The estimated proportion of pneumococcal pneumonia that is bacteremic was 24.8% (95% CI: 21.3%, 28.9%). The estimated proportion of CAP attributable to pneumococcus was 27.3% (95% CI: 23.9%, 31.1%). The Binax UAT diagnosed an additional 11.4% (95% CI: 9.6, 13.6%) of CAP beyond conventional techniques. We were limited by the fact that not all patients underwent all diagnostic tests and by the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic tests themselves. We address these resulting biases and provide a range of plausible values in order to estimate the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults.
conclusionsEstimating the adult burden of pneumococcal disease from bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia data alone significantly underestimates the true burden of disease in adults. For every case of bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia, we estimate that there are at least 3 additional cases of non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.