ArticlePloS one2013
2011-12 seasonal influenza vaccines effectiveness against confirmed A(H3N2) influenza hospitalisation: pooled analysis from a European network of hospitals. A pilot study.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Use of Test-negative Controls to Monitor Vaccine Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of Methodology.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2020Pooled it
- Effectiveness of influenza vaccines in preventing severe influenza illness among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of test-negative design case-control studies.The Journal of infection · 2017Pooled it
- Potential of the test-negative design for measuring influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review.Expert review of vaccines · 2014Pooled it
- Characteristics of Human Metapneumovirus Infection Compared to Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Infections in Adults Hospitalized for Influenza-Like Illness in France, 2012-2022.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Non-influenza respiratory viruses in adult patients admitted with influenza-like illness: a 3-year prospective multicenter study.Infection · 2020Article
- Analysis of influenza data generated by four epidemiological surveillance laboratories in Mexico, 2010-2016.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-related hospitalization during a season with mixed outbreaks of four influenza viruses: a test-negative case-control study in adults in Canada.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed influenza in 2015-2016: a hospital-based test-negative caseBMJ open · 2017Article
- Low 2016/17 season vaccine effectiveness against hospitalised influenza A(H3N2) among elderly: awareness warranted for 2017/18 season.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2017Article
- Clinical characteristics and outcome of respiratory syncytial virus infection among adults hospitalized with influenza-like illness in France.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2017Article
- Moderate influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with A(H3N2) and A(H1N1) influenza in 2013-14: Results from the InNHOVE network.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Article
- Pilot to evaluate the feasibility of measuring seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness using surveillance platforms in Central-America, 2012.BMC public health · 2015Article
- Effectiveness and knowledge, attitudes and practices of seasonal influenza vaccine in primary healthcare settings in South Africa, 2010-2013.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2015Article
- Suboptimal effectiveness of the 2011-2012 seasonal influenza vaccine in adult Korean populations.PloS one · 2015Article
- Article
- Effects of vaccination and the new neuraminidase inhibitor, laninamivir, on influenza infection.PloS one · 2014Article
- Article
- Mandatory vaccination.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInfluenza vaccination strategies aim at protecting high-risk population from severe outcomes. Estimating the effectiveness of seasonal vaccines against influenza related hospitalisation is important to guide these strategies. Large sample size is needed to have precise estimate of influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against severe outcomes. We assessed the feasibility of measuring seasonal IVE against hospitalisation with laboratory confirmed influenza through a network of 21 hospitals in the European Union.
methodsWe conducted a multicentre study in France (seven hospitals), Italy (one hospital), and Navarra (four hospitals) and Valencia (nine hospitals) regions in Spain. All ≥18 years hospitalised patients presenting an influenza-like illness within seven days were swabbed. Cases were patients RT-PCR positive for influenza A (H3N2); controls were patients negative for any influenza virus. Using logistic regression with study site as a fixed effect we calculated IVE adjusted for potential confounders. We restricted the analyses to those swabbed within four days.
resultsWe included, 375 A(H3N2) cases and 770 controls. The overall adjusted IVE was 24.9% (95%CI-1.8;44.6). Among the target group for vaccination (N = 1058) the adjusted IVE was 28.8% (95%CI:2.8;47.9); it was respectively 36.8% (95%CI:-48.8; 73.1), 42.6% (95%CI:-16.5;71.7), 17.8%(95%CI:-40.8; 52.1) and 37.5% (95%CI:-22.8;68.2) in the age groups 18-64, 65-74, 75-84 and more than 84 years. DISCUSSION: Estimation of IVE based on the pooling of data obtained through a European network of hospitals was feasible. Our results suggest a low IVE against hospitalised confirmed influenza in 2011-12. The low IVE may be explained by a poor immune response in the high-risk population, imperfect match between vaccine and circulating strain or waning immunity due to a late season. Increased sample size within this network would allow more precise estimates and stratification of the IVE by time since vaccination and vaccine types or brands.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.