Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23564916›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2013

Effect of insulin glargine and n-3FA on carotid intima-media thickness in people with dysglycemia at high risk for cardiovascular events: the glucose reduction and atherosclerosis continuing evaluation study (ORIGIN-GRACE).

Eva M Lonn, Jackie Bosch, Rafael Diaz, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Ambady Ramachandran, Nicolae Hâncu, Markolf Hanefeld, Henry Krum, Lars Ryden, Sandra Smith and 5 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Marine-derived n-3 fatty acids therapy for stroke.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022
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  6. Marine-derived n-3 fatty acids therapy for stroke.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
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  16. Article
  17. An overview of insulin therapy for the non-specialist.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 9 institutions in 8 countries.

Eva M LonnDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. eva.lonn@phri.ca
Jackie Bosch
Rafael Diaz
Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
Ambady Ramachandran
Nicolae Hâncu
Markolf Hanefeld
Henry Krum
Lars Ryden
Sandra Smith
Matthew J McQueen
Leanne Dyal
Salim Yusuf
Hertzel C Gerstein
GRACE and ORIGIN Investigators
McMaster University · CAPopulation Health Research Institute · CAEstudios Clínicos Latinoamérica · ARFoscal Hospital · COIndia Diabetes Research Foundation · INIuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy · ROKarolinska Institutet · SEMonash University · AUTU Dresden · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the effects of insulin glargine and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3FA) supplements on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe enrolled 1,184 people with cardiovascular (CV) disease and/or CV risk factors plus impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or early type 2 diabetes in a randomized multicenter 2 × 2 factorial design trial. Participants received open-label insulin glargine (targeting fasting glucose levels ≤ 5.3 mmol/L [95 mg/dL]) or standard glycemic care and double-blind therapy with a 1-g capsule of n-3FA or placebo. The primary trial outcome was the annualized rate of change in maximum CIMT for the common carotid, bifurcation, and internal carotid artery segments. Secondary outcomes were the annualized rates of change in maximum CIMT for the common carotid and the common carotid plus bifurcation, respectively. Baseline followed by annual ultrasounds were obtained during a median follow-up of 4.9 years.

resultsCompared with standard care, insulin glargine reduced the primary CIMT outcome, but the difference was not statistically significant (difference = 0.0030 ± 0.0021 mm/year; P = 0.145) and significantly reduced the secondary CIMT outcomes (differences of 0.0033 ± 0.0017 mm/year [P = 0.049] and 0.0045 ± 0.0021 mm/year [P = 0.032], respectively). There were no differences in the primary and secondary outcomes between the n-3FA supplement and placebo groups.

conclusionsIn people with CV disease and/or CV risk factors and dysglycemia, insulin glargine used to target normoglycemia modestly reduced CIMT progression, whereas daily supplementation with n-3FA had no effect on CIMT progression.

Indexed as

Carotid Intima-Media ThicknessAgedAtherosclerosisBlood GlucoseDouble-Blind MethodFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin GlargineInsulin, Long-ActingMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsBlood GlucoseFatty Acids, Omega-3Hypoglycemic AgentsInsulin GlargineInsulin, Long-Acting

Identifiers

PMID23564916
PMCPMC3747889
OpenAlexW2097034682

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.