Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23563358›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of epidemiology2013

Jumping the gun: the problematic discourse on socioeconomic status and cardiovascular health in India.

S V Subramanian, Daniel J Corsi, Malavika A Subramanyam, George Davey Smith

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of epidemiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. For reducing premature adult mortality in India, education matters more than income.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

S V SubramanianDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA, Department of Social Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India and MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology (CAiTE), School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
Daniel J Corsi
Malavika A Subramanyam
George Davey Smith

Funding

Medical Research Council G0600705
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There has been an increased focus on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in India, especially on cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors. In this essay, we scrutinize the prevailing narrative that cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are no longer confined to the economically advantaged groups but are an increasing burden among the poor in India. We conducted a comprehensive review of studies reporting the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and CVRF, CVD, and CVD-related mortality in India. With the exception of smoking and low fruit and vegetable intake, the studies clearly suggest that CVRF/CVD is more prevalent among high SES groups in India than among the low SES groups. Although CVD-related mortality rates appear to be higher among the lower SES groups, the proportion of deaths from CVD-related causes was found to be greatest among higher SES groups. The studies on SES and CVRF/CVD also reveal a substantial discrepancy between the data presented and the authors' interpretations and conclusions, along with an unsubstantiated claim that a reversal in the positive SES-CVRF/CVD association has occurred or is occurring in India. We conclude our essay by emphasizing the need to prioritize public health policies that are focused on the health concerns of the majority of the Indian population. Resource allocation in the context of efforts to make health care in India free and universal should reflect the proportional burden of disease on different population groups if it is not to entrench inequity.

Indexed as

Social ClassCardiovascular DiseasesDietDyslipidemiasHealth PolicyHumansHypertensionIncomeIndiaObesityPovertyPublic HealthRisk FactorsSedentary BehaviorSmokingSocioeconomic Factorscardiovascular diseasecardiovascular mortalityCardiovascular risk factorsIndianon-communicable diseasessocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID23563358

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.