ArticleThrombosis journal2013
Emphasis on the Role of PF4 in the Incidence, Pathophysiology and Treatment of Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia.
Article in Thrombosis journal, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- STS/SCA/AmSECT Clinical Practice Guidelines: Anticoagulation during Cardiopulmonary Bypass.The journal of extra-corporeal technology · 2018Guideline
- Unfractionated heparin versus low molecular weight heparins for avoiding heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in postoperative patients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Anti-Platelet Factor 4/Heparin Antibody Formation Occurs Endogenously and at Unexpected High Frequency in Polycythemia Vera.BioMed research international · 2017Trial
- Evaluation of Immunostimulatory Potential of Branded and US-Generic Enoxaparins in an In Vitro Human Immune System Model.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis · 2015Trial
- Molecular determinants of thromboinflammatory activation in inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in a maintenance hemodialysis patient: A case report and literature review.Medicine · 2025Review
- Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reduce platelet α-granule release in ratsWorld journal of stem cells · 2025Article
- The intersection of epigenetics and immune thrombocytopenia: new insights into disease mechanisms and treatments.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Platelets at the intersection of inflammation and coagulation in the APC-mediated response to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Review
- Article
- Current Prognostic Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Comprehensive Scoping Review of the Literature.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass, Part 2: alternatives and pathological states.BJA education · 2023Review
- Antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with stroke during COVID-19: A role in the signaling pathway leading to platelet activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Plasma biomarkers associated with survival and thrombosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.International journal of hematology · 2022Article
- Effects of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines on platelet polyphosphate levels and inflammation: A pilot study.Biomedical reports · 2022Article
- The aetiopathogenesis of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2022Review
- Antibodies against Platelet Factor 4 and Their Associated Pathologies: From HIT/HITT to Spontaneous HIT-Like Syndrome, to COVID-19, to VITT/TTS.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of Immunothrombosis in Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT) Compared to Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Journal of autoimmunity · 2021Review
- The clinical correlates of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia after immunisation with adenovirus vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.Immunotherapy advances · 2021Review
- Platelet Factor 4 Interactions with Short Heparin Oligomers: Implications for Folding and Assembly.Biophysical journal · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) is caused by antibodies that recognize platelet factor 4 (PF4) associated with polyanionic glycosaminoglycan drugs or displayed on vascular cell membranes. These antibodies are elicited by multimolecular complexes that can occur when heparin is administered in clinical settings associated with abundant PF4. Heparin binding alters native PF4 and elicits immune recognition and response. While the presence of heparin is integral to immunogenesis, the HIT antibody binding site is within PF4. Thus HIT antibodies develop and function to cause thrombocytopenia and/or thrombosis only in the presence of PF4. Future emphasis on understanding the biology, turnover and regulation of PF4 may lead to insights into the prevention and treatment of HIT.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.