ArticleIntensive care medicine2013
Central venous-arterial pCO₂ difference as a tool in resuscitation of septic patients.
Article in Intensive care medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed.
- Can perioperative pCOJournal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2024Trial
- Renal Veno-Arterial Carbon Dioxide Gap Fails to Detect Renal Medulla Microcirculatory Changes in a Large Animal Model of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Article
- Central Venous-arterial Carbon Dioxide Difference (pCOIndian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2026Article
- Jugular bulb venous to arterial carbon dioxide gradient is associated with treatment-responsive phenotypes of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Use of COAnnals of intensive care · 2025Review
- Prognostic Significance of Venous-to-Arterial COBiomedicines · 2025Article
- Regional venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide pressure and content differences during endotoxemic shock: influence of hydrogen ion accumulation vs. Haldane effect.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2025Article
- The Role of Venous Blood Gas Analysis in Critical Care: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Can utilization of the venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide difference improve patient outcomes in cardiogenic shock? A narrative review.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Evaluating tissue hypoxia and the response to fluid administration in septic shock patients: a metabolic cluster analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Observational
- The Evolution of Central Venous-to-arterial Carbon Dioxide Difference (PCOIndian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- COThe Southern African journal of critical care : the official journal of the Critical Care Society · 2024Article
- Analysis of P(v-a)COJournal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Venous Minus Arterial Carbon Dioxide Gradients in the Monitoring of Tissue Perfusion and Oxygenation: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Use of COJournal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Prognostic Value of PCO2 Gap in Adult Septic Shock Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation · 2022Article
- Effective hemodynamic monitoring.Critical care (London, England) · 2022Review
- Elevated Arterial-Central Venous Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure Difference Indicates Poor Prognosis in the Early Postoperative Period of Open Heart Surgery in Infants with Congenital Heart Disease.Pediatric cardiology · 2021Article
- Pathophysiology and clinical implications of the veno-arterial PCOCritical care (London, England) · 2021Review
- Hemodynamic Monitoring in Sepsis-A Conceptual Framework of Macro- and Microcirculatory Alterations.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the interchangeability of mixed and central venous-arterial carbon dioxide differences and the relation between the central difference (pCO₂ gap) and cardiac index (CI). We also investigated the value of the pCO₂ gap in outcome prediction.
methodsWe performed a post hoc analysis of a well-defined population of 53 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. Mixed and central venous pCO₂ were determined earlier at a 6 h interval (T = 0 to T = 4) during the first 24 h after intensive care unit (ICU) admittance. The population was divided into two groups based on pCO₂ gap (cut off value 0.8 kPa).
resultsThe mixed pCO₂ difference underestimated the central pCO₂ difference by a mean bias of 0.03 ± 0.32 kPa (95 % limits of agreement: -0.62-0.58 kPa). We observed a weak relation between pCO₂ gap and CI. The in hospital mortality rate was 21 % (6/29) for the low gap group and 29 % (7/24) for the high gap group; the odds ratio was 1.6 (95 % CI 0.5-5.5), p = 0.53. At T = 4 the odds ratio was 5.3 (95 % CI 0.9-30.7); p = 0.08.
conclusionsFrom a practical perspective, the clinical utility of central venous pCO₂ values is of potential interest in determining the venous-arterial pCO₂ difference. The likelihood of a bad outcome seems to be enhanced when a high pCO₂ gap persists after 24 h of therapy.
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