ArticleGenetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics2013
The association of low socioeconomic status and the risk of having a child with Down syndrome: a report from the National Down Syndrome Project.
Article in Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of socioeconomic factors and birth-related conditions on autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Multifactorial Causes of Down Syndrome During Pregnancy: A Narrative Review of Genetic, Environmental, and Maternal Influences.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Inferring chromosome segregation error stage and crossover in trisomic disorders with application to Down syndrome.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Two case reports of rare Down's syndrome during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).Medicine · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Patients with Down Syndrome-Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Maternal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Offspring Chromosomal Abnormalities: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Article
- Population monitoring of trisomy 21: problems and approaches.Molecular cytogenetics · 2023Review
- Case Report: Twin Pregnancy Gives Birth to a Girl with Partial Trisomy 21 Mosaicism afterFrontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Expressive language development in adolescents with Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome: change over time and the role of family-related factors.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2020Article
- Variations in chromosomal aneuploidy rates in IVF blastocysts and early spontaneous abortion chorionic villi.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2020Article
- Down syndrome.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2020Review
- Congenital Cardiovascular Anomalies among Cases of Down Syndrome: A Hospital Based Review of Cases in TikurAnbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2019Article
- Socioeconomic Status and Pediatric Neurologic Disorders: Current Evidence.Seminars in pediatric neurology · 2018Review
- Synthetic combinations of missense polymorphic genetic changes underlying Down syndrome susceptibility.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAdvanced maternal age and altered recombination are known risk factors for Down syndrome cases due to maternal nondisjunction of chromosome 21, whereas the impact of other environmental and genetic factors is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate an association between low maternal socioeconomic status and chromosome 21 nondisjunction.
methodsData from 714 case and 977 control families were used to assess chromosome 21 meiosis I and meiosis II nondisjunction errors in the presence of three low socioeconomic status factors: (i) both parents had not completed high school, (ii) both maternal grandparents had not completed high school, and (iii) an annual household income of <$25,000. We applied logistic regression models and adjusted for covariates, including maternal age and race/ethnicity.
resultsAs compared with mothers of controls (n = 977), mothers with meiosis II chromosome 21 nondisjunction (n = 182) were more likely to have a history of one low socioeconomic status factor (odds ratio = 1.81; 95% confidence interval = 1.07-3.05) and ≥2 low socioeconomic status factors (odds ratio = 2.17; 95% confidence interval = 1.02-4.63). This association was driven primarily by having a low household income (odds ratio = 1.79; 95% confidence interval = 1.14-2.73). The same statistically significant association was not detected among maternal meiosis I errors (odds ratio = 1.31; 95% confidence interval = 0.81-2.10), in spite of having a larger sample size (n = 532).
conclusionWe detected a significant association between low maternal socioeconomic status and meiosis II chromosome 21 nondisjunction. Further studies are warranted to explore which aspects of low maternal socioeconomic status, such as environmental exposures or poor nutrition, may account for these results.
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