ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology2013
Preterm human milk contains a large pool of latent TGF-β, which can be activated by exogenous neuraminidase.
Article in American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shaping infant development from the inside out: Bioactive factors in human milk.Seminars in perinatology · 2023Review
- Cytokine Expression by Human Macrophage-Like Cells Derived from the Monocytic Cell Line THP-1 Differs Between Treatment With Milk from Preterm- and Term-Delivering Mothers and Pasteurized Donor Milk.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Does Caesarean Section or Preterm Delivery Influence TGF-β2 Concentrations in Human Colostrum?Nutrients · 2020Article
- Milk lactoperoxidase decreases ID1 and ID3 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Prolyl hydroxylase 2 silencing enhances the paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem cells on necrotizing enterocolitis in an NF-κB-dependent mechanism.Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- Milk modulates macrophage polarization in vitro.Cytokine: X · 2019Article
- The anti-inflammatory effect of milk and dairy products on periodontal cells: an in vitro approach.Clinical oral investigations · 2019Article
- Activation of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage is a sensitive diagnostic marker for NASH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of gastroenterology · 2018Article
- Effect of HTST and Holder Pasteurization on the Concentration of Immunoglobulins, Growth Factors, and Hormones in Donor Human Milk.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Cytokines and growth factors in the developing intestine and during necrotizing enterocolitis.Seminars in perinatology · 2017Review
- Pathogenesis of NEC: Role of the innate and adaptive immune response.Seminars in perinatology · 2017Review
- Smad7 interrupts TGF-β signaling in intestinal macrophages and promotes inflammatory activation of these cells during necrotizing enterocolitis.Pediatric research · 2016Article
- Atopic dermatitis prevention in children following maternal probiotic supplementation does not appear to be mediated by breast milk TSLP or TGF-β.Clinical and translational allergy · 2016Article
- Transforming growth factor-β2 is sequestered in preterm human milk by chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2015Article
- Association of TGF-β2 levels in breast milk with severity of breast biopsy diagnosis.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2015Article
- Article
- Pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis: modeling the innate immune response.The American journal of pathology · 2015Review
- Maternal breast milk transforming growth factor-beta and feeding intolerance in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2014Article
- The Phylogeny, Ontogeny, and Organ-specific Differentiation of Macrophages in the Developing Intestine.Newborn (Clarksville, Md.)Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human milk contains substantial amounts of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, particularly the isoform TGF-β2. We previously showed in preclinical models that enterally administered TGF-β2 can protect against necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), an inflammatory bowel necrosis of premature infants. In this study we hypothesized that premature infants remain at higher risk of NEC than full-term infants, even when they receive their own mother's milk, because preterm human milk contains less bioactive TGF-β than full-term milk. Our objective was to compare TGF-β bioactivity in preterm vs. full-term milk and identify factors that activate milk-borne TGF-β. Mothers who delivered between 23 0/7 and 31 6/7 wk or at ≥37 wk of gestation provided milk samples at serial time points. TGF-β bioactivity and NF-κB signaling were measured using specific reporter cells and in murine intestinal tissue explants. TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, and various TGF-β activators were measured by real-time PCR, enzyme immunoassays, or established enzymatic activity assays. Preterm human milk showed minimal TGF-β bioactivity in the native state but contained a large pool of latent TGF-β. TGF-β2 was the predominant isoform of TGF-β in preterm milk. Using a combination of several in vitro and ex vivo models, we show that neuraminidase is a key regulator of TGF-β bioactivity in human milk. Finally, we show that addition of bacterial neuraminidase to preterm human milk increased TGF-β bioactivity. Preterm milk contains large quantities of TGF-β, but most of it is in an inactive state. Addition of neuraminidase can increase TGF-β bioactivity in preterm milk and enhance its anti-inflammatory effects.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.