Trial reportPloS one2013
Smoking ban and small-for-gestational age births in Ireland.
Trial report in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02189265 (Assessing the Impact of Smoke-free Legislation on Perinatal Health in the Netherlands), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessing the Impact of Smoke-free Legislation on Perinatal Health in the Netherlands
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of Population-Level Tobacco Control Interventions and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Legislative smoking bans for reducing harms from secondhand smoke exposure, smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Effects of a federal smoke-free housing policy on adverse birth outcomes among NYC public-housing residents.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Smoking Ban Law in Chile: Impact in Newborns' Birth Weight by Women's Age Groups and by City Population Density.International journal of public health · 2022Article
- Interrupted time series study found mixed effects of the impact of the Bavarian smoke-free legislation on pregnancy outcomes.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Association of smoke-free laws with preterm or low birth weight deliveries-A multistate analysis.Health services research · 2021Article
- The impact of anti-tobacco legislation on birth weight in Peru.Global health research and policy · 2020Article
- Impact of Smoking Ban on Passive Smoke Exposure in Pregnant Non-Smokers in the Southeastern United States.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Effect of tobacco control policies on perinatal and child health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Public health · 2017Article
- Protective Effects of Smoke-free Legislation on Birth Outcomes in England: A Regression Discontinuity Design.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2016Observational
- The Effect of Local Smokefree Regulations on Birth Outcomes and Prenatal Smoking.Maternal and child health journal · 2016Article
- Tobacco control policies and perinatal health: a national quasi-experimental study.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Impact of smoke-free legislation on perinatal and infant mortality: a national quasi-experimental study.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Associations of tobacco control policies with birth outcomes.JAMA pediatrics · 2014Article
- Article
- An international smoking ban-how many lives will be saved?Current atherosclerosis reports · 2014Review
- Association between being employed in a smoke-free workplace and living in a smoke-free home: evidence from 15 low and middle income countries.Preventive medicine · 2014Article
- Effects of tobacco smoke exposure in childhood on atopic diseases.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIreland introduced a comprehensive workplace smoke-free legislation in March, 2004. Smoking-related adverse birth outcomes have both health care and societal cost implications. The main aim of this study was to determine the impact of the Irish smoke-free legislation on small-for-gestationa- age (SGA) births. METHODS AND
findingsWe developed a population-based birthweight (BW) percentile curve based on a recent study to compute SGA (BW <5(th) percentile) and very SGA (vSGA - BW<3(rd) percentile) for each gestational week. Monthly births born between January 1999 and December 2008 were analyzed linking with monthly maternal smoking rates from a large referral maternity university hospital. We ran individual control and CUSUM charts, with bootstrap simulations, to pinpoint the breakpoint for the impact of ban implementation ( = April 2004). Monthly SGA rates (%) before and after April 2004 was considered pre and post ban period births, respectively. Autocorrelation was tested using Durbin Watson (DW) statistic. Mixed models using a random intercept and a fixed effect were employed using SAS (v 9.2). A total of 588,997 singleton live-births born between January 1999 and December 2008 were analyzed. vSGA and SGA monthly rates declined from an average of 4.7% to 4.3% and from 6.9% to 6.6% before and after April 2004, respectively. No auto-correlation was detected (DW = ~2). Adjusted mixed models indicated a significant decline in both vSGA and SGA rates immediately after the ban [(-5.3%; 95% CI -5.43% to -5.17%, p<0.0001) and (-0.45%; 95% CI: -0.7% to -0.19%, p<0.0007)], respectively. Significant gradual effects continued post the ban periods for vSGA and SGA rates, namely, -0.6% (p<0.0001) and -0.02% (p<0.0001), respectively.
conclusionsA significant reduction in small-for-gestational birth rates both immediately and sustained over the post-ban period, reinforces the mounting evidence of the positive health effect of a successful comprehensive smoke-free legislation in a vulnerable population group as pregnant women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.