ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2013
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence: a successful or deleterious association in the bacterial world?
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 477 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
477 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Drug-resistantClinical microbiology reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Molecular Epidemiology and AMR Perspective of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Pooled it
- Fish gut-water interface as a hotspot for the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes across natural and aquaculture systems.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Cross-host transmission ofVirulence · 2026Article
- Resistance development in KPC-producingMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Fangchinoline drives NOS2-dependent host immunity to restrict intracellular enteric pathogens.iScience · 2026Article
- Comparative genomic and functional analysis of Staphylococcus caprae clinical isolates: insights into genetic diversity and opportunistic pathogenic potential.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiological and molecular characterization of multidrug-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Virulence and Resistance Mechanisms in Multidrug-ResistantPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Genomic comparison of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients with bacteraemia and infective endocarditis at public hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- A sustained living coating for infectious keratitis therapy via probiotic consumption and production effects.Science advances · 2026Article
- Interplay between enterotoxigenicity, antimicrobial resistance, and persistence mechanisms in Staphylococcus spp. across different origins.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in rodent droppings in a hospital environment.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Comparative genomic analysis of hypervirulent and classical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from respiratory samples: A computational assessment of virulence genes.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Oral and plasma microbiome in the context of acute febrile illness.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and virulence gene profiles of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from raw milk: implications for public health.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- Phenotypic and Metabolic Variations in High-Risk Clones of Multidrug-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Reduced MGE burden, virulence optimization, and acid stress tolerance shape the clonal succession of MRSA ST59.Science advances · 2026Article
- Thyme and cinnamon essential oils inhibit multidrug resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and alter virulence transcripts.Scientific reports · 2026Article
417 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hosts and bacteria have coevolved over millions of years, during which pathogenic bacteria have modified their virulence mechanisms to adapt to host defense systems. Although the spread of pathogens has been hindered by the discovery and widespread use of antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial resistance has increased globally. The emergence of resistant bacteria has accelerated in recent years, mainly as a result of increased selective pressure. However, although antimicrobial resistance and bacterial virulence have developed on different timescales, they share some common characteristics. This review considers how bacterial virulence and fitness are affected by antibiotic resistance and also how the relationship between virulence and resistance is affected by different genetic mechanisms (e.g., coselection and compensatory mutations) and by the most prevalent global responses. The interplay between these factors and the associated biological costs depend on four main factors: the bacterial species involved, virulence and resistance mechanisms, the ecological niche, and the host. The development of new strategies involving new antimicrobials or nonantimicrobial compounds and of novel diagnostic methods that focus on high-risk clones and rapid tests to detect virulence markers may help to resolve the increasing problem of the association between virulence and resistance, which is becoming more beneficial for pathogenic bacteria.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.