ArticleNature2013
Diverse type VI secretion phospholipases are functionally plastic antibacterial effectors.
Article in Nature, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 259 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
259 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 413 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa in premise plumbing of large buildings.MicrobiologyOpen · 2016Pooled it
- Comparative study of antibiotic resistance and virulence profiles of exoU and exoS Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from urinary tract infections and microbial keratitis in Bangladesh and India.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Functional diversity of accessory factors of the type VI secretion system.Journal of bacteriology · 2026Review
- ABPs: diffusible antibacterial toxins secreted by and active against diverse gram-positive bacteria.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Global identification of Chromobacterium violaceum T6SS effectors reveals an Rhs antibacterial toxin featuring FIX and ADP-ribosyltransferase domains.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide In Silico Analysis of the Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) Within the Morganella Genus.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- "Molecular insights into the bactericidal toxin Tle1 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Interaction with VgrG, its adaptor, and its immunity protein".The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Type VI-secretion system-mediated competition and virulence in clinical and environmentalMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- The type VI secretion system and associated effector proteins.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Elongation Factor Tu Acts as a Chaperone to Activate an Antibacterial RNase Toxin.Molecular microbiology · 2026Article
- Systematic identification of Salmonella T6SS effectors uncovers diverse new families and lipid-targeting activities.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Effector conformational plasticity enables lineage-specific secretion via Hcp heterohexamers in gut symbionts.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- TseCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Virulence regulation in the fish pathogenFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Type VI secretion systems at the interface between bacteria and eukaryotic cells.Genetics and molecular biology · 2026Article
- From past to present: the crosstalk between type VI secretion system of Salmonella and host.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Interbacterial warfare in the human gut: insights from Bacteroidales' perspective.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Integrating natural language processing and genome analysis enables accurate bacterial phenotype prediction.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Article
199 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Membranes allow the compartmentalization of biochemical processes and are therefore fundamental to life. The conservation of the cellular membrane, combined with its accessibility to secreted proteins, has made it a common target of factors mediating antagonistic interactions between diverse organisms. Here we report the discovery of a diverse superfamily of bacterial phospholipase enzymes. Within this superfamily, we defined enzymes with phospholipase A1 and A2 activity, which are common in host-cell-targeting bacterial toxins and the venoms of certain insects and reptiles. However, we find that the fundamental role of the superfamily is to mediate antagonistic bacterial interactions as effectors of the type VI secretion system (T6SS) translocation apparatus; accordingly, we name these proteins type VI lipase effectors. Our analyses indicate that PldA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a eukaryotic-like phospholipase D, is a member of the type VI lipase effector superfamily and the founding substrate of the haemolysin co-regulated protein secretion island II T6SS (H2-T6SS). Although previous studies have specifically implicated PldA and the H2-T6SS in pathogenesis, we uncovered a specific role for the effector and its secretory machinery in intra- and interspecies bacterial interactions. Furthermore, we find that this effector achieves its antibacterial activity by degrading phosphatidylethanolamine, the major component of bacterial membranes. The surprising finding that virulence-associated phospholipases can serve as specific antibacterial effectors suggests that interbacterial interactions are a relevant factor driving the continuing evolution of pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.