ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2013
The use of Chitosan to enhance photodynamic inactivation against Candida albicans and its drug-resistant clinical isolates.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessment of the Impact of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Using a 635 nm Diode Laser and Toluidine Blue on the Susceptibility of Selected Strains ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Photosensitizers Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation against Fungi.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Influence of Incubation Time on Ortho-Toluidine Blue Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Directed against SelectedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Efficacy of Toluidine Blue-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy onAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Synergistic Antifungal Activity of Chitosan with Fluconazole againstMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Use of Biodegradable, Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Effect of a Combination of Photodynamic Therapy and Chitosan onJournal of lasers in medical sciences · 2020Article
- Anti-Oxidant Activity and Dust-Proof Effect of Chitosan with Different Molecular Weights.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- A Potential Antifungal Effect of Chitosan AgainstFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Review
- Chitosan Inhibits the Rehabilitation of Damaged Microbes Induced by Photodynamic Inactivation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Chitosan Loaded into a Hydrogel Delivery System as a Strategy to Treat Vaginal Co-Infection.Pharmaceutics · 2018Article
- Photodynamic Inactivation Potentiates the Susceptibility of Antifungal Agents against the Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Candida albicans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Review
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy to Control Clinically Relevant Biofilm Infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Virulence factors of fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans after antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.Lasers in medical science · 2017Article
- Assessment of Photodynamic Inactivation against Periodontal Bacteria Mediated by a Chitosan Hydrogel in a 3D Gingival Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2016Article
- Optimization and Evaluation of a Chitosan/Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Hydrogel Containing Toluidine Blue O for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Drug-resistant Candida infection is a major health concern among immunocompromised patients. Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (PDI) was introduced as an alternative treatment for local infections. Although Candida (C.) has demonstrated susceptibility to PDI, high doses of photosensitizer (PS) and light energy are required, which may be harmful to eukaryotic human cells. This study explores the capacity of chitosan, a polycationic biopolymer, to increase the efficacy of PDI against C. albicans, as well as fluconazole-resistant clinical isolates in planktonic or biofilm states. Chitosan was shown to effectively augment the effect of PDI mediated by toluidine blue O (TBO) against C. albicans that were incubated with chitosan for 30 min following PDI. Chitosan at concentrations as low as 0.25% eradicated C. albicans; however, without PDI treatment, chitosan alone did not demonstrate significant antimicrobial activity within the 30 min of incubation. These results suggest that chitosan only augmented the fungicidal effect after the cells had been damaged by PDI. Increasing the dosage of chitosan or prolonging the incubation time allowed a reduction in the PDI condition required to completely eradicate C. albicans. These results clearly indicate that combining chitosan with PDI is a promising antimicrobial approach to treat infectious diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.