ReviewSeminars in immunology2013
PD-1 coinhibitory signals: the link between pathogenesis and protection.
Review in Seminars in immunology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- CRISPRa-identified transcription factors reprogram glioblastoma into dendritic cell-like cells to elicit systemic antitumor immunity.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Serum sPD-1 as a marker of T cell exhaustion in ART-naïve, ART-experienced, and intestinal parasite co-infected HIV-positive adults at the university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2024.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Hepatocellular carcinoma: signaling pathways and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Role of Gut Microbiota in Long COVID: Impact on Immune Function and Organ System Health.Archives of microbiology & immunology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the immune dynamics ofInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Harnessing Immune Cell Metabolism to Modulate Alloresponse in Transplantation.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Review
- Review
- IL-10-Secreting CD8Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- FasLAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Cancer Patients Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy: A Systematic Review.Journal of Cancer · 2022Review
- Disease Progression in Children With Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Correlates With Increased PD-1+ CD8 T Cells That Coexpress Multiple Immune Checkpoints.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Microglia: The Real Foe in HIV-1-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders?Biomedicines · 2021Review
- PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Inhibitors in Tumor Immunotherapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Analysis of Flagellin-Specific Adaptive Immunity Reveals Links to Dysbiosis in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2020Observational
- Article
- Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 (CTLA-4)- and Programmed Death 1 (PD-1)-Mediated Regulation of Monofunctional and Dual Functional CD4Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- A Critical Insight into the Clinical Translation of PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Therapy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.Current urology reports · 2019Review
- Immunosenescence and Its Hallmarks: How to Oppose Aging Strategically? A Review of Potential Options for Therapeutic Intervention.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the majority of HIV-1 infected individuals, the adaptive immune response drives virus escape resulting in persistent viremia and a lack of immune-mediated control. The expression of negative regulatory molecules such as PD-1 during chronic HIV infection provides a useful marker to differentiate functional memory T cell subsets and the frequency of T cells with an exhausted phenotype. In addition, cell-based measurements of virus persistence equate with activation markers and the frequency of CD4 T cells expressing PD-1. High-level expression of PD-1 and its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2 are found on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells, and are upregulated by chronic antigen stimulation, Type 1 and Type II interferons (IFNs), and homeostatic cytokines. In HIV infected subjects, PD-1 levels on CD4 and CD8 T cells continue to remain high following combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART). System biology approaches have begun to elucidate signal transduction pathways regulated by PD-1 expression in CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets that become dysfunctional through chronic TCR activation and PD-1 signaling. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of transcriptional signatures and signal transduction pathways associated with immune exhaustion with a focus on recent work in our laboratory characterizing the role of PD-1 in T cell dysfunction and HIV pathogenesis. We also highlight the therapeutic potential of blocking PD-1-PD-L1 and other immune checkpoints for activating potent cellular immune responses against chronic viral infections and cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.