ArticlePsychological assessment2013
The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11: reassessment of its structure in a community sample.
Article in Psychological assessment, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03192995 (Treatment With Lorcaserin for Cocaine Use), which is not on this map. Cited by 123 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Treatment With Lorcaserin for Cocaine Use: The TLC Study
Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on impulse-control disorders in patients with pituitary adenomas exposed to dopamine agonists.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Impulsivity and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Role of White Matter Microstructure in Impulsive Behavior.The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2022Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on the Influences of Neurotoxicological Xenobiotic Compounds on Inhibitory Control.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2019Pooled it
- Impulsivity and self-harm in adolescence: a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2017Pooled it
- Polysubstance use patterns and risk behaviors among people with cocaine use disorder.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation on emotional instability and impulsivity in atypical depression and bipolar II disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Personality change in a trial of psilocybin therapy v. escitalopram treatment for depression.Psychological medicine · 2024Trial
- Increasing Physical Activity among Breast Cancer Survivors by Modulating Temporal Orientation with rTMS: Feasibility and Potential Efficacy.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Hazardous Alcohol Use, Impulsivity, and HIV-Risk Behavior Among HIV-Positive Russian Patients With a History of Injection Drug Use.The American journal on addictions · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Smoking relapse risk is increased among individuals in recovery.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Impulsiveness as a predictor of topiramate response for cocaine use disorder.The American journal on addictions · 2019Trial
- Correlates of Long-Term Opioid Abstinence After Randomization to Methadone Versus Buprenorphine/Naloxone in a Multi-Site Trial.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2018Trial
- Effect of virtual reality aggression prevention training for forensic psychiatric patients (VRAPT): study protocol of a multi-center RCT.BMC psychiatry · 2018Trial
- Preventing relapse to smoking with transcranial magnetic stimulation: Feasibility and potential efficacy.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Trial
- Right inferior frontal cortex activity correlates with tolcapone responsivity in problem and pathological gamblers.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2017Trial
- Article
- Impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, aggression, and hopelessness in suicide attempts among bipolar disorder patients: A cross sectional study.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psychiatric Symptoms and Impulsivity in Patients with Substance Use Disorders: Associations with an Aggregate ASI Interviewer Severity Score.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Version 11; BIS-11; Patton, Stanford, & Barratt, 1995) is a gold-standard measure that has been influential in shaping current theories of impulse control, and has played a key role in studies of impulsivity and its biological, psychological, and behavioral correlates. Psychometric research on the structure of the BIS-11, however, has been scant. We therefore applied exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to data collected using the BIS-11 in a community sample (N = 691). Our goal was to test 4 theories of the BIS-11 structure: (a) a unidimensional model, (b) a 6 correlated first-order factor model, (c) a 3 second-order factor model, and (d) a bifactor model. Among the problems identified were (a) low or near-zero correlations of some items with others; (b) highly redundant content of numerous item pairs; (c) items with salient cross-loadings in multidimensional solutions; and, ultimately, (d) poor fit to confirmatory models. We conclude that use of the BIS-11 total score as reflecting individual differences on a common dimension of impulsivity presents challenges in interpretation. Also, the theory that the BIS-11 measures 3 subdomains of impulsivity (attention, motor, and nonplanning) was not empirically supported. A 2-factor model is offered as an alternative multidimensional structural representation.
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