ArticlePloS one2013
The systemic cytokine environment is permanently altered in multiple myeloma.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Continuous lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone in patients with transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed MM: FIRST trial subanalysis of Canadian/US patients.Cancer medicine · 2020Trial
- Effects of mesenchymal stem cells from different sources on the biological functions of multiple myeloma cells.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Glasgow Prognostic Score Serves as a Prognostic Factor of Clinical Outcome in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of serum cytokines in patients with multiple myeloma before and after lenalidomide and dexamethasone.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Increased CXCL10 is seen at 1-year after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in multiple myeloma patients on maintenance lenalidomide therapy.Bone marrow transplantation · 2023Article
- Exploring the potential of combining IL-2-activated NK cells with an anti-PDL1 monoclonal antibody to target multiple myeloma-associated macrophages.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- Molecular Features of the Mesenchymal and Osteoblastic Cells in Multiple Myeloma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Host-microbe interactions and outcomes in multiple myeloma and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2022Review
- Pretreatment Serum Levels of IL-1 Receptor Antagonist and IL-4 Are Predictors of Overall Survival in Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with Bortezomib.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Aging-associated immune system changes in multiple myeloma: The dark side of the moon.Cancer treatment and research communications · 2021Review
- Natural Killer Cells in the Malignant Niche of Multiple Myeloma.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Treatment Induced Cytotoxic T-Cell Modulation in Multiple Myeloma Patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Cytokine-Mediated Dysregulation of Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Article
- Cytokine and Chemokine Profile in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Article
- Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells as Strategic Weapons to Improve the Potency of Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Immune Interventions in Human Myeloma.Frontiers in oncology · 2018Review
- Potential humoral mediators of remote ischemic preconditioning in patients undergoing surgical coronary revascularization.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Serum protein fingerprinting by PEA immunoassay coupled with a pattern-recognition algorithms distinguishes MGUS and multiple myeloma.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- The effect of marrow stromal cells on TRAF6 expression levels in myeloma cells.Oncology letters · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable bone marrow malignancy of the B cell lineage. Utilizing multiplex Luminex technology we measured levels of 25 cytokines in the plasma of normal donors (n = 177), those with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (n = 8), and MM patients (n = 55) with either active disease, on treatment, or in remission. The cytokine levels were compared between normal donors and MM patients as well as between various phases of MM, and discriminant analysis was used to create a predictive classification model based on the differentially expressed cytokines. Evaluating age- and gender-dependence of cytokine expression, we determined that with age there is a shift toward a pro-inflammatory environment. Moreover, we observed a strong gender bias in cytokine expression. However, the profile of differentially expressed cytokines was heavily skewed toward an anti-inflammatory, pro-tumorigenic response in patients with MM. Significantly, our predictive model placed all patients in remission in the same category as those with active disease. Thus, our study demonstrates that the homeostasis of systemic cytokines is not restored when MM patients enter remission, suggesting that once an individual has cancer, the microenvironment is permanently altered and the system is primed for a relapse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.