ArticleSao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina2013
Risk factors for esophageal cancer in a low-incidence area of Brazil.
Article in Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Biomass fuel as a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2019Pooled it
- Exposure to biomass smoke as a risk factor for oesophageal and gastric cancer in low-income populations: A systematic review.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2017Pooled it
- Air pollution and its impact on cancer incidence, cancer care and cancer outcomes.BMJ oncology · 2025Review
- Wood cookstove use is associated with gastric cancer in Central America and mediated by host genetics.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Exposure to wildfire-related PM2.5 and site-specific cancer mortality in Brazil from 2010 to 2016: A retrospective study.PLoS medicine · 2022Article
- Determinants of Solid Fuel Use and Emission Risks among Households: Insights from Limpopo, South Africa.Toxics · 2022Article
- A multinational review: Oesophageal cancer in low to middle-income countries.Oncology letters · 2020Review
- Household Fuel Use and the Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers: The Golestan Cohort Study.Environmental health perspectives · 2020Article
- Chemoradiotherapy With or Without Surgery for Esophageal Squamous Cancer According to Hospital Volume.JCO global oncology · 2020Article
- Biomass Smoke Exposure Is Associated With Gastric Cancer and Probably Mediated Via Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: A Case-Control Study.JCO global oncology · 2020Article
- Environmental risk factors for oesophageal cancer in Malawi: A case-control study.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2015Article
- HIV infection and domestic smoke exposure, but not human papillomavirus, are risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Zambia: a case-control study.Cancer medicine · 2015Article
- Correlation of predisposing factors and Esophageal Malignancy in high risk population of Baluchistan.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES Esophageal cancer is the eighth commonest type of cancer worldwide, occupying sixth place in terms of mortality. Smoking and alcohol use are known risk factors for this type of cancer. The aim here was to evaluate the risk factors for esophageal cancer in a low-incidence area. DESIGN AND SETTING Case-control study in Goiânia, with 99 cases of esophageal cancer and 223 controls. METHODS The variables were sociodemographic, dietary, occupational and lifestyle data. The sample was analyzed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and Mantel-Haenszel approach for multivariate analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated with 5% significance and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The risk of esophageal cancer was higher in patients ≥ 55 years (OR = 1.95; P < 0.001). Patients from rural areas were at greater risk of esophageal cancer (OR = 4.9; P < 0.001). Smoking was a risk factor among the cases (OR = 3.8; P < 0.001), as was exposure to woodstoves (OR = 4.42; P < 0.001). The practice of oral sex was not a risk factor (OR = 0.45; P = 0.04). Consumption of apples, pears, vegetables, cruciferous vegetables and fruit juices were protective against esophageal cancer. CONCLUSION In a region in which the incidence of esophageal cancer is low, the most significant risk factors were exposure to woodstoves, smoking and living in rural areas.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.