ArticleJAMA ophthalmology2013
Prevalence of glaucoma in an urban West African population: the Tema Eye Survey.
Article in JAMA ophthalmology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond prevalence: diagnostic heterogeneity in population-based glaucoma studies in Africa-a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma in the last 20 years: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Glaucoma management across 13 countries in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe: an exploratory survey.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Risk-Stratified Interventional Management and Surgical Decision-Making in Primary Glaucoma.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Profiling visual health of young adults in Ghana: a university-based eye screening survey.Data in brief · 2026Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice and the Prevalence of Eye Conditions Among Commercial Fish Smokers in Abuesi, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Clinical and demographic characteristics of glaucoma patients in Kingston, Jamaica.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic and Clinical Determinants of Glaucoma in a Sub-Saharan African Population: A Case-Control Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Pro-Homeostatic Effects of Estrogen on Intraocular Pressure and the Trabecular Meshwork.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Normative Values for Anterior Segment Parameters Associated with Glaucoma in "At-Risk" Ghanaian Clinical Population.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Normative optical coherence tomography-based measurements and classification of optic nerve head parameters in adult Congolese subjects.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Glaucoma case finding and management among optometrists in Ghana and Nigeria.Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry · 2025Article
- Glaucoma prevalence and treatment in sub-Saharan Africa's elderly population: a scoping review.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Glaucoma Disease-Specific Adherence Measurement Tools Validated for Measuring Adherence to Glaucoma Medications: A Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Performance of Polygenic Risk Scores for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Populations of African Descent.JAMA ophthalmology · 2025Article
- A Single-Center Case-Control Study of Glaucoma Severity on Initial Presentation in Haitian Americans.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- The Association Between Occupational Smoke Exposures and the Prevalence of Eye and Respiratory Health Conditions Among Commercial Fish Smokers in Abuesi, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Self-Reported Study.Environmental health insights · 2025Article
- Unfulfilled Needs in the Detection, Diagnosis, Monitoring, Treatment, and Understanding of Glaucoma in Blacks Globally.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Review
- Estrogen dysregulation, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma risk.Experimental eye research · 2023Review
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
importanceMultiple studies have found an increased prevalence, younger age at onset, and more severe course of glaucoma in people of African descent, but these findings are based on studies conducted outside Africa.
objectiveTo determine the prevalence of glaucoma in an urban West African population of adults. DESIGN AND
settingA population-based, cross-sectional study of adults 40 years and older conducted from September 1, 2006, through December 31, 2008, from 5 communities in Tema, Ghana.
participantsParticipants from randomly selected clusters underwent a screening examination that consisted of visual acuity, frequency doubling perimetry, applanation tonometry, and optic disc photography. Participants who failed any of these tests were referred for complete examination, including gonioscopy, standard automated perimetry, and stereoscopic optic disc photography.
resultsA total of 6806 eligible participants were identified, and 5603 (82.3%) were enrolled in the study. The field examination referred 1869 participants (33.3%) to the clinic examination, and 1538 (82.2%) came for complete examination. A total of 362 participants were identified as having glaucoma of any type and category. Primary open-angle glaucoma was the underlying diagnosis in 342 participants (94.5%). The prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma was 6.8% overall, increasing from 3.7% among those 40 to 49 years old to 14.6% among those 80 years and older, and was higher in men than in women in all age groups, with an overall male-female prevalence ratio of 1.5. Of the participants with glaucoma, 9 (2.5%) were blind using World Health Organization criteria, and only 12 (3.3%) were aware that they had glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The prevalence of glaucoma is higher in this urban West African population than in previous studies of people of East or South African and of non-African descent. Strategies to identify affected persons and effectively manage the burden of glaucoma are needed in West Africa.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.