ArticleGenome biology2013
The western painted turtle genome, a model for the evolution of extreme physiological adaptations in a slowly evolving lineage.
Article in Genome biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers.
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141 citing papers in PubMed, 327 citations in OpenAlex.
- The genomic basis of independent marine transitions in turtles: convergent episodic adaptation and demographic shifts.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
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- A new chromosome-level genome assembly for western painted turtle Chrysemys picta bellii, a model for extreme physiological adaptations.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Chromosome-level genome assembly of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis.Scientific data · 2025Article
- Intron turnover of slc26a1 and slc26a2 and convergence of intron insertion sites.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Strong Signatures of Selection on Candidate Genes Underlying Core Speciation Mechanisms in Desert Tortoises.Molecular ecology resources · 2025Article
- Reduction of Tooth Replacement Disproportionately Affects the Evolution of Enamel Matrix Proteins.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Article
- Genomic insights into marine environment adaptation and conservation of the threatened olive ridley turtle (iScience · 2025Article
- Insights into avian molecular cytogenetics-with reptilian comparisons.Molecular cytogenetics · 2024Review
- De novo genome assemblies of two cryptodiran turtles with ZZ/ZW and XX/XY sex chromosomes provide insights into patterns of genome reshuffling and uncover novel 3D genome folding in amniotes.Genome research · 2024Article
- Differential Conservation and Loss of Chicken Repeat 1 (CR1) Retrotransposons in Squamates Reveal Lineage-Specific Genome Dynamics Across Reptiles.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Patterns of genetic divergence in the Rio Grande cooter (Pseudemys gorzugi), a riverine turtle inhabiting an arid and anthropogenically modified system.The Journal of heredity · 2024Article
- Multiple horizontal transfer events of a DNA transposon into turtles, fishes, and a frog.Mobile DNA · 2024Article
- Demographic history and genomic signatures of selection in a widespread vertebrate ectotherm.Molecular ecology · 2024Article
- Establishment and characterization of turtle liver organoids provides a potential model to decode their unique adaptations.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Differential Conservation and Loss of CR1 Retrotransposons in Squamates Reveals Lineage-Specific Genome Dynamics across Reptiles.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Conserved enhancers control notochord expression of vertebrate Brachyury.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Molecular Evolution of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Pathway Genes.Journal of molecular evolution · 2023Article
- An Enhanced Method for the Use of Reptile Skin Sheds as a High-Quality DNA Source for Genome Sequencing.Genes · 2023Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
59 authors at 20 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe describe the genome of the western painted turtle, Chrysemys picta bellii, one of the most widespread, abundant, and well-studied turtles. We place the genome into a comparative evolutionary context, and focus on genomic features associated with tooth loss, immune function, longevity, sex differentiation and determination, and the species' physiological capacities to withstand extreme anoxia and tissue freezing.
resultsOur phylogenetic analyses confirm that turtles are the sister group to living archosaurs, and demonstrate an extraordinarily slow rate of sequence evolution in the painted turtle. The ability of the painted turtle to withstand complete anoxia and partial freezing appears to be associated with common vertebrate gene networks, and we identify candidate genes for future functional analyses. Tooth loss shares a common pattern of pseudogenization and degradation of tooth-specific genes with birds, although the rate of accumulation of mutations is much slower in the painted turtle. Genes associated with sex differentiation generally reflect phylogeny rather than convergence in sex determination functionality. Among gene families that demonstrate exceptional expansions or show signatures of strong natural selection, immune function and musculoskeletal patterning genes are consistently over-represented.
conclusionsOur comparative genomic analyses indicate that common vertebrate regulatory networks, some of which have analogs in human diseases, are often involved in the western painted turtle's extraordinary physiological capacities. As these regulatory pathways are analyzed at the functional level, the painted turtle may offer important insights into the management of a number of human health disorders.
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