ArticlePloS one2013
Epidemiology and evolution of rotaviruses and noroviruses from an archival WHO Global Study in Children (1976-79) with implications for vaccine design.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emergence of a novel GII.17 variant is associated with immune evasion rather than an altered HBGA-binding profile.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Appearance and spread of norovirus genotype GII.17 subcluster C2 (Romania-2021 like) in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 2021-2023.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Eight Years of Norovirus Surveillance in Urban Wastewater: Insights from Next-Generation.Viruses · 2025Article
- Production of norovirus-, rotavirus-, and enterovirus-like particles in insect cells is simplified by plasmid-based expression.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Genome characterisation of norovirus GII.P17-GII.17 detected during a large gastroenteritis outbreak in Romania in 2021.Archives of virology · 2023Article
- Prevalence and genetic characterization of noroviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis in Senegal, 2007-2010.Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- Epidemiological Impact of GII.17 Human Noroviruses Associated With Attachment to Enterocytes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Evolution of Noroviruses between 1966 and 2019, Implications for Vaccine Design.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Genome-wide analyses of human noroviruses provide insights on evolutionary dynamics and evidence of coexisting viral populations evolving under recombination constraints.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Evolutionary Mechanism of Immunological Cross-Reactivity Between Different GII.17 Variants.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- A Survey of Analytical Techniques for Noroviruses.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- A signal-flexible gene diagnostic strategy coupling loop-mediated isothermal amplification with hybridization chain reaction.Analytica chimica acta · 2019Article
- An Outbreak of Gastroenteritis Associated with GII.17 Norovirus-Contaminated Secondary Water Supply System in Wuhan, China, 2017.Food and environmental virology · 2019Article
- Impact of long-term storage of clinical samples collected from 1996 to 2017 on RT-PCR detection of norovirus.Journal of virological methods · 2019Article
- Genetic Diversity Among Genogroup II Noroviruses and Progressive Emergence of GII.17 in Wastewaters in Italy (2011-2016) Revealed by Next-Generation and Sanger Sequencing.Food and environmental virology · 2018Article
- Genetic diversity of norovirus in children under 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis from Angola.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Article
- Evolutionary dynamics of GII.17 norovirus.PeerJ · 2018Article
- Genomic diversity and phylogeography of norovirus in China.BMC medical genomics · 2017Article
- A large outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, 1972 revisited: evidence for common source exposure to a recombinant GII.Pg/GII.3 norovirus.Epidemiology and infection · 2017Article
- Temporal distribution of gastroenteritis viruses in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: seasonality of rotavirus.BMC public health · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prompted by the discovery of new gastrointestinal viruses, the NIH, NIAID and WHO investigated the etiology of acute diarrhea that occurred from 1976-1979 in a global cohort of infants and young children. Rotaviruses were found to be major pathogens worldwide, whereas the Norwalk virus could not be detected using a radioimmunoassay. The aim of this study is to re-evaluate the role and diversity of rotaviruses and noroviruses in the original cohort using more sensitive current technologies. Stools collected from Asia, Africa, and South America (n = 485) were evaluated for viral genotypes by RT-PCR and sequencing. Rotaviruses were detected in 28.9% and noroviruses in 9.7% of the specimens, with G1 rotaviruses and GII noroviruses accounting for the majority of each respective virus. Various strains in this study predated the currently assigned dates of discovery for their particular genotype, and in addition, two noroviruses (KL45 and T091) could not be assigned to current genotypes. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated a relative constancy in circulating rotavirus genotypes over time, with several genotypes from this study becoming established in the current repertoire of viral species. Similarly, GII noroviruses have maintained dominance, with GII.4 noroviruses continuing as a predominant genotype over time. Taken together, the complex molecular epidemiology of rotaviruses and noroviruses circulating in the 1970's is consistent with current patterns, an important consideration in the design of multivalent vaccines to control these viruses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.