ArticleInfection2013
A new cytokine release assay: a simple approach to monitor the immune status of HIV-infected patients.
Article in Infection, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monitoring functional immune responses with a cytokine release assay: ISS flight hardware design and experimental protocol for whole blood cultures executed under microgravity conditions.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Vaccine targeting SIVmac251 protease cleavage sites protects macaques against vaginal infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Influences of large sets of environmental exposures on immune responses in healthy adult men.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Effects of dietary salt levels on monocytic cells and immune responses in healthy human subjects: a longitudinal study.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo test a new assay based on an ex vivo cytokine release from whole blood for the monitoring of immune changes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients.
methodsA pilot study of outpatients with HIV infection (n = 9) at a large academic hospital who were divided into three groups: HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with a CD4(+) cell count >350/μL (group I) or a CD4(+) cell count <350/μL (group II) and HIV-infected HAART-naïve subjects with a CD4(+) cell count >350/μL (group III). All groups were compared with healthy volunteers (n = 3). The ex vivo cytokine release assay was performed in a three-step process: (1) blood collection, (2) whole-blood ex vivo incubation over 48 h without or with a standard set of well-defined recall antigens as comparable to those used formerly in the skin delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) test, (3) cytokine determination from the assay supernatant.
resultsUnder stimulated conditions, untreated HIV-infected patients with a CD4(+) count >350/μL had similar interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels in the supernatant of the whole-blood incubation to HIV-infected patients on HAART with a low CD4(+) count. Both groups revealed lower IL-2 levels in the supernatant than HIV-infected patients on HAART and with a CD4(+) count >350/μL or healthy volunteers. The determination of interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α in the supernatant showed a similar arrangement of cytokines between groups.
conclusionsOur results suggest that this cytokine release assay could be a suitable tool to mirror the immunological responsiveness of patients with HIV infection in a gradual manner; further studies are required in order to assess its value in HAART monitoring.
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