ReviewNeurotoxicity research2013
The role of glutamate and the immune system in organophosphate-induced CNS damage.
Review in Neurotoxicity research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroprotective Effects of N-Acetylcysteine-Amide (AD4) in a Survival Mouse Model of Paraoxon Intoxication: Targeting Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Memory Impairments.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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- Acute Paraoxon-Induced Neurotoxicity in a Mouse Survival Model: Oxidative Stress, Dopaminergic System Alterations and Memory Deficits.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- [The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of 18 amino acids in various meats.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
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- Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of gabactyzine, a benactyzine-GABA mutual prodrug, as an organophosphate antidote.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Critical Neurotransmitters in the Neuroimmune Network.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Thrombin and the Protease-Activated Receptor-1 in Organophosphate-Induced Status Epilepticus.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2019Article
- The putative role of environmental aluminium in the development of chronic neuropathology in adults and children. How strong is the evidence and what could be the mechanisms involved?Metabolic brain disease · 2017Review
- A Comparative Toxidrome Analysis of Human Organophosphate and Nerve Agent Poisonings Using Social Media.Clinical and translational science · 2017Article
- Zebrafish is a predictive model for identifying compounds that protect against brain toxicity in severe acute organophosphorus intoxication.Archives of toxicology · 2017Article
- The possible role of intravenous lipid emulsion in the treatment of chemical warfare agent poisoning.Toxicology reports · 2016Review
- Zebrafish Models for Human Acute Organophosphorus Poisoning.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Biphasic cuirass ventilation is better than bag-valve mask ventilation for resuscitation following organophosphate poisoning.Toxicology reports · 2015Article
- Extrapyramidal syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2014Article
- Perinatal exposure to insecticide methamidophos suppressed production of proinflammatory cytokines responding to virus infection in lung tissues in mice.BioMed research international · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is associated with long-lasting neurological damage, which is attributed mainly to the excessive levels of glutamate caused by the intoxication. Glutamate toxicity, however, is not specific to OP poisoning, and is linked to propagation of damage in both acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to acute excitotoxic effects of glutamate, there is now a growing amount of evidence of its intricate immunomodulatory effects in the brain, involving both the innate and the adaptive immune systems. Moreover, it was demonstrated that immunomodulatory treatments, aimed at regulating the interaction between the resident immune cells of the brain (microglia) and the peripheral immune system, can support buffering of excessive levels of glutamate and restoration of the homeostasis. In this review, we will discuss the role of glutamate as an excitotoxic agent in the acute phase of OP poisoning, and the possible functions it may have as both a neuroprotectant and an immunomodulator in the sub-acute and chronic phases of OP poisoning. In addition, we will describe the novel immune-based neuroprotective strategies aimed at counteracting the long-term neurodegenerative effects of glutamate in the CNS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.