ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2013
Clostridium difficile infection is associated with increased risk of death and prolonged hospitalization in children.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence and Outcomes Associated With Clostridium difficile Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Global burden ofJournal of global health · 2019Pooled it
- Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Guideline
- Cost of hospital management of Clostridium difficile infection in United States-a meta-analysis and modelling study.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Comparison of pediatric and adult antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infections.World journal of gastroenterology · 2016Pooled it
- The economic impact of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2015Pooled it
- Facilitation as an effective strategy to reduce excessive antibiotic prophylaxis in Children's hospitals: A stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial.Implementation science : IS · 2025Trial
- Safety and Efficacy of Fidaxomicin and Vancomycin in Children and Adolescents with Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile Infection: A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Single-blind Clinical Trial (SUNSHINE).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Trial
- Dissemination of a facilitation strategy to de-implement unnecessary post-operative antibiotics at children's hospitals: The Optimizing Perioperative Antibiotic in Children (OPerAtiC) trial 2.0.Implementation science : IS · 2025Article
- Risk Factors for Recurrence and In-Hospital Mortality in Patients withJournal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of an Enhanced Disinfection Protocol on the Incidence ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Healthcare-AssociatedMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Opportunities for collaboration: the synergy between antimicrobial and diagnostic stewardship in pediatrics.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Review
- Use of PCR Cycle Threshold and Clinical Interventions to Aid in the Management of PediatricMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Economic Burden of Clostridioides difficile Infection in European Countries.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Strategies to preventInfection control and hospital epidemiology · 2023Article
- A systematic review of real-world healthcare resource use and costs ofAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
- Clostridioides difficile Infection in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: Comparisons of Epidemiology, Testing, and Treatment from 2013 to 2019.The Journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Iron Effects onAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- ReducingInfection control and hospital epidemiology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundClostridium difficile infection (CDI) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality among adults. However, outcomes are poorly defined among children.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was performed among hospitalized children at 41 children's hospitals between January 2006 and August 2011. Patients with CDI (exposed) were matched 1:2 to patients without CDI (unexposed) based on the probability of developing CDI (propensity score derived from patient characteristics). Exposed subjects were stratified by C. difficile test date, suggestive of community-onset (CO) versus hospital-onset (HO) CDI. Outcomes were analyzed for matched subjects.
resultsWe identified 5107 exposed and 693 409 unexposed subjects. Median age was 6 years (interquartile range [IQR], 2-13 years) for exposed and 8 years (IQR, 3-14 years) for unexposed subjects. Of these, 4474 exposed were successfully matched to 8821 unexposed by propensity score. In-hospital mortality differed significantly (CDI, 1.43% vs matched unexposed, 0.66%; P < .001). Mortality rates were similar between CO-CDI and matched subjects. However, mortality rates were significantly greater among HO-CDI compared with matched unexposed (odds ratio, 6.73 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.77-12.02]). Mean differences in length of stay (LOS) and total cost were significant: 5.55 days (95% CI, 4.54-6.56 days) and $18 900 (95% CI, $15 100-$22 700) for CO-CDI, and 21.60 days (95% CI, 19.29-23.90 days) and $93 600 (95% CI, $80 000-$107 200) for HO-CDI.
conclusionsPediatric CDI is associated with increased mortality, longer LOS, and higher costs. These findings underscore the importance of antibiotic stewardship and infection control programs to prevent this disease in children.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.