ReviewThe Lancet. Infectious diseases2013
Advances in tuberculosis diagnostics: the Xpert MTB/RIF assay and future prospects for a point-of-care test.
Review in The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 212 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
212 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Serum CA-125 for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Which sample type is better for Xpert MTB/RIF to diagnose adult and pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis?Bioscience reports · 2020Pooled it
- Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of rifampicin resistance in different regions: a meta-analysis.BMC microbiology · 2019Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for Tuberculous Meningitis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2019Pooled it
- A systematic review of clinical outcomes on the WHO Category II retreatment regimen for tuberculosis.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence of tuberculosis in post-mortem studies of HIV-infected adults and children in resource-limited settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for extrapulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis when testing non-respiratory samples: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2014Pooled it
- Effect of integrating paediatric tuberculosis services into child healthcare services on case detection in Africa: the INPUT stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial.BMJ global health · 2024Trial
- Rapid urine-based screening for tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients admitted to hospital in Africa (STAMP): a pragmatic, multicentre, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Implementation of a pragmatic, stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial to evaluate impact of Botswana's Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic algorithm on TB diagnostic sensitivity and early antiretroviral therapy mortality.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Trial
- Molecular Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases.Yonago acta medica · 2026Review
- Clinical management of XpertBMC infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- The value of the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and osteopontin (SPP1) in tuberculosis treatment response monitoring.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Miliary Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Complications.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Tuberculosis: An Ongoing Global Threat.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Advancements in laboratory diagnostics for HIV/MTB coinfection: Integrating conventional methods with emerging technologies.Practical laboratory medicine · 2025Review
- PERFORMANCE OF FUJILAM VERSION 1 FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS IN UGANDA - A BRIEF REPORT.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Advancing Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis: Potential of MPT64 Immunochemistry-Based Antigen Detection Test in a High-TB, Low-HIV Endemic Setting.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
152 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Rapid progress has been made in the development of new diagnostic assays for tuberculosis in recent years. New technologies have been developed and assessed, and are now being implemented. The Xpert MTB/RIF assay, which enables simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and rifampicin (RIF) resistance, was endorsed by WHO in December, 2010. This assay was specifically recommended for use as the initial diagnostic test for suspected drug-resistant or HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis. By June, 2012, two-thirds of countries with a high tuberculosis burden and half of countries with a high multidrug-resistant tuberculosis burden had incorporated the assay into their national tuberculosis programme guidelines. Although the development of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay is undoubtedly a landmark event, clinical and programmatic effects and cost-effectiveness remain to be defined. We review the rapidly growing body of scientific literature and discuss the advantages and challenges of using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in areas where tuberculosis is endemic. We also review other prospects within the developmental pipeline. A rapid, accurate point-of-care diagnostic test that is affordable and can be readily implemented is urgently needed. Investment in the tuberculosis diagnostics pipeline should remain a major priority for funders and researchers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.