Trial reportAmerican journal of obstetrics and gynecology2013
Developmental programming for allergy: a secondary analysis of the Mothers, Omega-3, and Mental Health Study.
Trial report in American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00711971 (Does EPA or DHA Prevent Depressive Symptoms in Pregnancy and Postpartum?), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Does EPA or DHA Prevent Depressive Symptoms in Pregnancy and Postpartum?
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Omega-3 fatty acid addition during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Maternal prenatal and/or postnatal n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation for preventing allergies in early childhood.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Dietary supplements for preventing postnatal depression.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Effect of prenatal EPA and DHA on maternal and umbilical cord blood cytokines.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2018Trial
- Omega-3 Lipid Mediators: Modulation of the M1/M2 Macrophage Phenotype and Its Protective Role in Chronic Liver Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status at Birth and Development of Childhood Allergy: A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs) and the Developing Immune System: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Dietary Intakes of EPA and DHA Omega-3 Fatty Acids among US Childbearing-Age and Pregnant Women: An Analysis of NHANES 2001-2014.Nutrients · 2018Article
- Prenatal Omega-3 Supplementation and Eczema Risk among Offspring at Age 36 Months.Insights in allergy, asthma & bronchitis · 2016Article
- Fishmeal supplementation during ovine pregnancy and lactation protects against maternal stress-induced programming of the offspring immune system.BMC veterinary research · 2015Article
- DNA methylation patterns are associated with n-3 fatty acid intake in Yup'ik people.The Journal of nutrition · 2014Article
- Developmental Immunotoxicity, Perinatal Programming, and Noncommunicable Diseases: Focus on Human Studies.Advances in medicine · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFetal dysregulation of T helper cell pathways may predispose to allergy, as high cord blood T helper 2/T helper 1 ratios have been shown to precede development of allergic diseases. We aimed to determine whether prenatal eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation reduces T helper 2 to T helper 1-associated chemokine ratios. We also explored the effect of mode of delivery on T helper 2/T helper 1 ratios. STUDY
designWe conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized placebo controlled trial initially performed to assess the effects of docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid supplementation on pregnancy-related depressive symptoms among 126 participants. Cord plasma specimens from 98 newborns were assayed for chemokines associated with T helper 2 (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine [CCL17], macrophage-derived chemokine [CCL22], eotaxin [CCL 11]) and T helper 1 (interferon-inducible protein-10 [CXCL 10]) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Multiplex immunoassays. Ratios of log-transformed chemokines macrophage-derived chemokine/interferon-inducible protein-10 and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/interferon-inducible protein-10 were compared between groups by analyses of variance. Multiple linear regression was performed to examine associations between treatments and chemokine ratios, adjusting for covariates.
resultsAfter adjusting for gestational age at delivery, birthweight, and mode of delivery, both omega-3 supplementation groups were associated with lower macrophage-derived chemokine/interferon-inducible protein-10 ratios than placebo (eicosapentaenoic acid: coefficient -1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.6 to -0.05; P = .04; docosahexaenoic acid: -2.0; 95% CI, -3.9 to -0.07; P = .04). Similar associations were found for thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/interferon-inducible protein-10 (eicosapentaenoic acid: -1.5; 95% CI, -3.0 to 0.06; P = .06; docosahexaenoic acid -2.2; 95% CI, -3.8 to -0.52; P = .01). Cesarean delivery was associated with higher macrophage-derived chemokine/interferon-inducible protein-10 (1.6; 95% CI, 0.01-3.3; P = .049) and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/interferon-inducible protein-10 (1.5; 95% CI, 0.1-2.9; P = .042) ratios than vaginal delivery.
conclusionPrenatal supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid resulted in decreased cord blood T helper 2/T helper 1 chemokine ratios. Cesarean delivery was associated with a pronounced T helper 2 deviation at birth.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.