ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2013
The brain's heart - therapeutic opportunities for patent foramen ovale (PFO) and neurovascular disease.
Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Heart-brain signaling in patent foramen ovale-related stroke: differential plasma proteomic expression patterns revealed with a 2-pass liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry discovery workflow.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2012Trial
- Right-to-left shunt is associated with reduced cerebral vascular reactivity in migraine patients with aura.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Observational
- Serotonin as a potential marker of endothelial dysfunction for cerebral embolism in patients with persistent foramen ovale.Postepy w kardiologii interwencyjnej = Advances in interventional cardiology · 2025Article
- Advances in the Study of the Correlation Between Patent Foramen Ovale and Migraine.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Association between patent foramen ovale and migraine: evidence from a resting-state fMRI study.Brain imaging and behavior · 2024Article
- Right-to-Left Shunt Evaluation in Cardiac Patent Foramen Ovale Using Bubble Contrast Transcranial Color-Coded Doppler: A Cryptogenic Stroke Case.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Experimental study of the bilateral asymmetric single-rivet occluder device for transcatheter patent foramen ovale closure with reserved interatrial septal puncture area.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Effect of Interventional Therapy Unexplained Dizziness and Relationship Between Dizziness Handicap Inventory and Right-to-Left Shunt Grading.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Right-to-left shunts in unexplained syncope: an age- and sex-matched case-control study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2022Article
- Association between patent foramen ovale and migraine without aura: a community-based cross-sectional study in China.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Comparison of clinical and biological differences between patent foramen ovale subtypes in ischemic stroke.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Article
- Article
- Efficacy of patent foramen ovale closure for treating migraine: a prospective follow-up study.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2021Article
- Residual Shunt After Patent Foramen Ovale Closure and Long-Term Stroke Recurrence: A Prospective Cohort Study.Annals of internal medicine · 2020Article
- Recurrent arterial ischemic strokes in a patient with patent foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus: Presentation of our management and review of the literature.Global cardiology science & practice · 2019Article
- Effects of aging, hypertension and diabetes on the mouse brain and heart vasculomes.Neurobiology of disease · 2019Article
- Increased prevalence of potential right-to-left shunting in children with sickle cell anaemia and stroke.British journal of haematology · 2017Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Transcatheter Patent Foramen Ovale Closure for Migraine (EASTFORM) Trial.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Patent foramen ovale (PFO), a common congenital cardiac abnormality, is a connection between the right and left atria in the heart. As a "back door to the brain", PFO can serve as a conduit for paradoxical embolism, allowing venous thrombi to enter the arterial circulation, avoiding filtration by the lungs, and causing ischemic stroke. PFO-related strokes affect more than 150,000 people per year in the US, and PFO is present in up to 60% of migraine patients with aura, and in one out of four normal individuals. So, in such a highly prevalent condition, what are the best treatment and prevention strategies? Emerging studies show PFO-related neurovascular disease to be a multi-organ condition with varying individual risk factors that may require individualized therapeutic approaches - opening the field for new pharmacologic and therapeutic targets. The anatomy of PFO suggests that, in addition to thrombi, it can also allow harmful circulatory factors to travel directly from the venous to the arterial circulation, a concept important in finding novel therapeutic targets for PFO-related neurovascular injury. Here, we: 1) review emerging data on PFO-related injuries and clinical trials; 2) discuss potential mechanisms of PFO-related neurovascular disease in the context of multi-organ interaction and heart-brain signaling; and 3) discuss novel therapeutic targets and research frontiers. Clinical studies and molecular mapping of the circulatory landscape of this multi-organ disease will both be necessary in order to better individualize clinical treatment for a condition affecting more than a quarter of the world's population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.