ArticlePloS one2013
M2e-displaying virus-like particles with associated RNA promote T helper 1 type adaptive immunity against influenza A.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-adjuvanting Ebola virus-like particles that incorporate a cellular interferon-inducing domain.Research square · 2026Article
- Multifaceted virus-like particles: Navigating towards broadly effective influenza A virus vaccines.Current research in microbial sciences · 2025Review
- A Model H5N2 Vaccine Strain for Dual Protection Against H5N1 and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Bacteriophage Virus-Like Particles: Platforms for Vaccine Design.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Review
- Anti-hemagglutinin monomeric nanobody provides prophylactic immunity against H1 subtype influenza A viruses.PloS one · 2024Article
- Review
- Reduced protection of RIPK3-deficient mice against influenza by matrix protein 2 ectodomain targeted active and passive vaccination strategies.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Modular vaccine platform based on the norovirus-like particle.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Article
- Bacteriophage T4 Vaccine Platform for Next-Generation Influenza Vaccine Development.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Review
- Adenoviral Vectors as Vaccines for Emerging Avian Influenza Viruses.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Review
- An Influenza A Vaccine Based on the Extracellular Domain of Matrix 2 Protein Protects BALB/C Mice Against H1N1 and H3N2.Vaccines · 2019Article
- The Role of Matrix Protein 2 Ectodomain in the Development of Universal Influenza Vaccines.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Influenza and Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- The Quest for a Truly Universal Influenza Vaccine.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Review
- Flagellin-fused protein targeting M2e and HA2 induces potent humoral and T-cell responses and protects mice against various influenza viruses a subtypes.Journal of biomedical science · 2018Article
- Hierarchical and Redundant Roles of Activating FcγRs in Protection against Influenza Disease by M2e-Specific IgG1 and IgG2a Antibodies.Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Advances in the study of nodavirus.PeerJ · 2017Article
- Long-Lasting Cross-Protection Against Influenza A by Neuraminidase and M2e-based immunization strategies.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ectodomain of influenza A matrix protein 2 (M2e) is a candidate for a universal influenza A vaccine. We used recombinant Hepatitis B core antigen to produce virus-like particles presenting M2e (M2e-VLPs). We produced the VLPs with and without entrapped nucleic acids and compared their immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Immunization of BALB/c mice with M2e-VLPs containing nucleic acids induced a stronger, Th1-biased antibody response compared to particles lacking nucleic acids. The former also induced a stronger M2e-specific CD4(+) T cell response, as determined by ELISPOT. Mice vaccinated with alum-adjuvanted M2e-VLPs containing the nucleic acid-binding domain were better protected against influenza A virus challenge than mice vaccinated with similar particles lacking this domain, as deduced from the loss in body weight following challenge with X47 (H3N2) or PR/8 virus. Challenge of mice that had been immunized with M2e-VLPs with or without nucleic acids displayed significantly lower mortality, morbidity and lung virus titers than control-immunized groups. We conclude that nucleic acids present in M2e-VLPs correlate with improved immune protection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.