Trial reportPloS one2013
White blood cell counts as risk markers of developing metabolic syndrome and its components in the PREDIMED study.
Trial report in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Impact of intermittent hypoxia and exercise on blood pressure and metabolic features from obese subjects suffering sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Association of triglyceride-glucose index with presence and development of impaired spirometry: results from Austrian LEAD cohort.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Hematological markers of proinflammatory and prothrombotic states in normal-weight obesity (NWO).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of preoperative and postoperative systemic inflammatory markers with early mortality and morbidity after CABG surgery.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Association between Paleolithic diet fraction and systemic low-grade chronic inflammation in the Malmö diet and cancer study cohort.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Assessment of Small Airways Function in Eosinophilic Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry.Pulmonary therapy · 2025Article
- Association between eosinophil number and overweight status: a nonlinear, bidirectional study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- First Trimester Hematological Indices in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Review
- The association between white blood cell counts and metabolic health obesity among US adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Eosinophil biology from the standpoint of metabolism: implications for metabolic disorders and asthma.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Review
- Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Lung Function Parameters in the General Population Undergoing Health Examinations.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Leukocytes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Transitioning from having no metabolic abnormality nor obesity to metabolic impairment in a cohort of apparently healthy adults.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Significant impact of body mass index on the relationship between increased white blood cell count and new-onset diabetes.International journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- Eosinophils in obesity and obesity-associated disorders.Discovery immunology · 2023Review
- Metabolic syndrome in adults with autistic traits: associated psychological, behavioral, and biological factors in females and males - a PharmLines initiative.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Oxidative balance score inversely associated with the prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome: analysis of two studies of the Korean population.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that includes hyperglucemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia and central obesity, conferring an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The white blood cell (WBC) count has been proposed as a marker for predicting cardiovascular risk. However, few prospective studies have evaluated the relationship between WBC subtypes and risk of MetS.
methodsParticipants were recruited from seven PREDIMED study centers. Both a baseline cross-sectional (n = 4,377) and a prospective assessment (n = 1,637) were performed. Participants with MetS at baseline were excluded from the longitudinal analysis. The median follow-up was 3.9 years. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting glucose, lipid profile and WBC counts were assessed at baseline and yearly during the follow-up. Participants were categorized by baseline WBC and its subtype count quartiles. Adjusted logistic regression models were fitted to assess the risk of MetS and its components.
resultsOf the 4,377 participants, 62.6% had MetS at baseline. Compared to the participants in the lowest baseline sex-adjusted quartile of WBC counts, those in the upper quartile showed an increased risk of having MetS (OR, 2.47; 95%CI, 2.03-2.99; P-trend<0.001). This association was also observed for all WBC subtypes, except for basophils. Compared to participants in the lowest quartile, those in the top quartile of leukocyte, neutrophil and lymphocyte count had an increased risk of MetS incidence. Leukocyte and neutrophil count were found to be strongly associated with the MetS components hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol. Likewise, lymphocyte counts were found to be associated with the incidence of the MetS components low HDL-cholesterol and high fasting glucose. An increase in the total WBC during the follow-up was also associated with an increased risk of MetS.
conclusionsTotal WBC counts, and some subtypes, were positively associated with MetS as well as hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol and high fasting glucose, all components of MetS.
trial registrationControlled-Trials.comISRCTN35739639.
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