Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23526891›Full record

ArticlePLoS computational biology2013

RFECS: a random-forest based algorithm for enhancer identification from chromatin state.

Nisha Rajagopal, Wei Xie, Yan Li, Uli Wagner, Wei Wang, John Stamatoyannopoulos, Jason Ernst, Manolis Kellis, Bing Ren

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS computational biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
129citing papers in PubMed
10.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

129 citing papers in PubMed, 244 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. Review
  7. Machine and Deep Learning Methods for Predicting 3D Genome Organization.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. AttnW2V-Enhancer: Leveraging attention and Word2Vec for enhanced enhancer prediction.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
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  18. Review
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69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Nisha RajagopalLudwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Wei Xie
Yan Li
Uli Wagner
Wei Wang
John Stamatoyannopoulos
Jason Ernst
Manolis Kellis
Bing Ren
Ludwig Cancer Research · USMassachusetts Institute of Technology · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

The San Diego Epigenome CenterU01ES017166 · NIEHS · LUDWIG INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES LTD · PI REN, BING · 2008 to 2013
$16.3M
Regulatory Morif Discovery in the Human Genome Using Comparative GenomicsR01HG004037 · NHGRI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI KELLIS, MANOLIS · 2007 to 2015
$3.9M
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG004037NIEHS NIH HHS U01 ES017166NIEHS NIH HHS U01ES017166
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transcriptional enhancers play critical roles in regulation of gene expression, but their identification in the eukaryotic genome has been challenging. Recently, it was shown that enhancers in the mammalian genome are associated with characteristic histone modification patterns, which have been increasingly exploited for enhancer identification. However, only a limited number of cell types or chromatin marks have previously been investigated for this purpose, leaving the question unanswered whether there exists an optimal set of histone modifications for enhancer prediction in different cell types. Here, we address this issue by exploring genome-wide profiles of 24 histone modifications in two distinct human cell types, embryonic stem cells and lung fibroblasts. We developed a Random-Forest based algorithm, RFECS (Random Forest based Enhancer identification from Chromatin States) to integrate histone modification profiles for identification of enhancers, and used it to identify enhancers in a number of cell-types. We show that RFECS not only leads to more accurate and precise prediction of enhancers than previous methods, but also helps identify the most informative and robust set of three chromatin marks for enhancer prediction.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsArea Under CurveBinding SitesCell LineChromatinCluster AnalysisComputational BiologyDatabases, GeneticDecision TreesEnhancer Elements, GeneticHistonesHumansReproducibility of ResultsTranscription FactorsChromatinHistonesTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID23526891
PMCPMC3597546
OpenAlexW1986865417

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.