ReviewActa neuropathologica2013
Hand in glove: brain and skull in development and dysmorphogenesis.
Review in Acta neuropathologica, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 259 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone mineral density loci specific to the skull portray potential pleiotropic effects on craniosynostosis.Communications biology · 2023Pooled it
- Calvarial Bloom Biomechanics: Dural Tension Governing Cranial Form.Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Review
- When Virchow's law fails: Crouzon syndrome as a test case for quantitative suture closure-endocranial shape relationships.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Altricial Patterns in Prenatal Skeletal Development of Two Large Neotropical Primates: The Poeppig's Woolly Monkey and the Juruá Red Howler Monkey.American journal of primatology · 2026Article
- A novel mouse model of rare neurodevelopmental disorder, TBCK Syndrome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Chiari II brain malformation is secondary to open spina bifida.Disease models & mechanisms · 2026Article
- Structural Equation Modeling Reveals How Allometry Shapes Integration in Avian Cranial Evolution.Integrative and comparative biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Leptomeninges: Anatomy, Mechanisms of Disease and Neuroimaging.Neurology international · 2025Review
- Early life functional transitions impact craniofacial morphology in osteogenesis imperfecta.Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2025Article
- Complex and diverse patterns of neurocranial development in Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Homo.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A head start: The relationship of placental factors to craniofacial and brain development.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2025Review
- Ripply3 overdosage induces mid-face shortening through Tbx1 downregulation in Down syndrome models.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Population-Driven Synthesis of Personalized Cranial Development From Cross-Sectional Pediatric CT Images.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2025Article
- Regional variability in craniofacial stiffness: a study in normal and Crouzon mice during postnatal development.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2025Article
- Dosage-dependent effects of FGFR2Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) · 2025Article
- Evolution of the essential geneProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Non-syndromic craniosynostosis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Enhanced insights into the genetic architecture of 3D cranial vault shape using pleiotropy-informed GWAS.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Divergent patterns of cranial suture fusion in marsupial and placental mammals.Zoological journal of the Linnean Society · 2025Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The brain originates relatively early in development from differentiated ectoderm that forms a hollow tube and takes on an exceedingly complex shape with development. The skull is made up of individual bony elements that form from neural crest- and mesoderm-derived mesenchyme that unite to provide support and protection for soft tissues and spaces of the head. The meninges provide a protective and permeable membrane between brain and skull. Across evolutionary and developmental time, dynamic changes in brain and skull shape track one another so that their integration is evidenced in two structures that fit soundly regardless of changes in biomechanical and physiologic functions. Evidence for this tight correspondence is also seen in diseases of the craniofacial complex that are often classified as diseases of the skull (e.g., craniosynostosis) or diseases of the brain (e.g., holoprosencephaly) even when both tissues are affected. Our review suggests a model that links brain and skull morphogenesis through coordinated integration of signaling pathways (e.g., FGF, TGFβ, Wnt) via processes that are not currently understood, perhaps involving the meninges. Differences in the earliest signaling of biological structure establish divergent designs that will be enhanced during morphogenesis. Signaling systems that pattern the developing brain are also active in patterning required for growth and assembly of the skull and some members of these signaling families have been indicated as causal for craniofacial diseases. Because cells of early brain and skull are sensitive to similar signaling families, variation in the strength or timing of signals or shifts in patterning boundaries that affect one system (neural or skull) could also affect the other system and appropriate co-adjustments in development would be made. Interactions of these signaling systems and of the tissues that they pattern are fundamental to the consistent but labile functional and structural association of brain and skull conserved over evolutionary time obvious in the study of development and disease.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.