ArticleGenome medicine2013
Pervasive sequence patents cover the entire human genome.
Article in Genome medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Meta-Research: understudied genes are lost in a leaky pipeline between genome-wide assays and reporting of results.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Potential International Approaches to Ownership/Control of Human Genetic Resources.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2016Article
- The Metagenomics and Metadesign of the Subways and Urban Biomes (MetaSUB) International Consortium inaugural meeting report.Microbiome · 2016Article
- Clinical Genomics: Challenges and Opportunities.Critical reviews in eukaryotic gene expression · 2016Review
- Are the gene-patent storm clouds dissipating? A global snapshot.Nature biotechnology · 2015Article
- Do recent US Supreme Court rulings on patenting of genes and genetic diagnostics affect the practice of genetic screening and diagnosis in prenatal and reproductive care?Prenatal diagnosis · 2014Review
- A patent perspective on US stem cell research.Nature biotechnology · 2014Article
- Phase changes in the BRCA policy domain.Journal of religion and health · 2014Review
- Patenting genes: what does Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics mean for genetic testing and research?Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2014Article
- Diminishing return for increased Mappability with longer sequencing reads: implications of the k-mer distributions in the human genome.BMC bioinformatics · 2014Article
- Response to 'pervasive sequence patents cover the entire human genome'.Genome medicine · 2014Article
- Response to 'pervasive sequence patents cover the entire human genome' - authors' reply.Genome medicine · 2014Article
- Translating personalized medicine using new genetic technologies in clinical practice: the ethical issues.Personalized medicine · 2014Article
- DREAMing of a patent-free human genome for clinical sequencing.Nature biotechnology · 2013Article
- Our shared code: the Myriad decision and the future of genetic research.Environmental health perspectives · 2013Article
- Gene patents in the dock.Nature · 2013Article
- Crowdfunding genomics and bioinformatics.Genome biology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The scope and eligibility of patents for genetic sequences have been debated for decades, but a critical case regarding gene patents (Association of Molecular Pathologists v. Myriad Genetics) is now reaching the US Supreme Court. Recent court rulings have supported the assertion that such patents can provide intellectual property rights on sequences as small as 15 nucleotides (15mers), but an analysis of all current US patent claims and the human genome presented here shows that 15mer sequences from all human genes match at least one other gene. The average gene matches 364 other genes as 15mers; the breast-cancer-associated gene BRCA1 has 15mers matching at least 689 other genes. Longer sequences (1,000 bp) still showed extensive cross-gene matches. Furthermore, 15mer-length claims from bovine and other animal patents could also claim as much as 84% of the genes in the human genome. In addition, when we expanded our analysis to full-length patent claims on DNA from all US patents to date, we found that 41% of the genes in the human genome have been claimed. Thus, current patents for both short and long nucleotide sequences are extraordinarily non-specific and create an uncertain, problematic liability for genomic medicine, especially in regard to targeted re-sequencing and other sequence diagnostic assays.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.