ArticlePLoS pathogens2013
Cooperativity between CD8+ T cells, non-neutralizing antibodies, and alveolar macrophages is important for heterosubtypic influenza virus immunity.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Standard-Dose Intradermal Influenza Vaccine Elicits Cellular Immune Responses Similar to Those of Intramuscular Vaccine in Men With and Those Without HIV Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Vaccine-induced boosting of influenza virus-specific CD4 T cells in younger and aged humans.PloS one · 2013Trial
- Counteracting Influenza Virus Evolution Through the Full Spectrum of Broadly Protective Antibodies.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- B cell immunity to the Lassa virus glycoprotein is a correlate of vaccination-induced virus control in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Next-generation intranasal influenza vaccines: mechanisms, platforms, and translational progress.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Lung structural cells are altered by infeluenza virus leading to rapid immune protection following re-challenge.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Vaccination against influenza viruses annually: Renewing or narrowing the protective shield?The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Alveolar Macrophages in Viral Respiratory Infections: Sentinels and Saboteurs of Lung Defense.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The role of alveolar macrophages in viral respiratory infections and their therapeutic implications.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Review
- Opportunities and challenges for T cell-based influenza vaccines.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Generation of antigen-specific memory CD4 T cells by heterologous immunization enhances the magnitude of the germinal center response upon influenza infection.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- The Altered Neonatal CD8Viruses · 2024Article
- Pathogenicity and escape to pre-existing immunity of a new genotype of swine influenza H1N2 virus that emerged in France in 2020.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- The molecular immune modulator adenosine deaminase-1 enhances HIV specific humoral and cellular responses to a native-like HIV envelope trimer DNA vaccine.Research square · 2024Article
- Article
- Characterization of non-neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies that target the M1 and NP of influenza A viruses.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Cryptic MHC-E epitope from influenza elicits a potent cytolytic T cell response.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Prior vaccination promotes early activation of memory T cells and enhances immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Protective mechanisms of nonneutralizing antiviral antibodies.PLoS pathogens · 2023Review
- A mosaic influenza virus-like particles vaccine provides broad humoral and cellular immune responses against influenza A viruses.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Seasonal epidemics of influenza virus result in ∼36,000 deaths annually in the United States. Current vaccines against influenza virus elicit an antibody response specific for the envelope glycoproteins. However, high mutation rates result in the emergence of new viral serotypes, which elude neutralization by preexisting antibodies. T lymphocytes have been reported to be capable of mediating heterosubtypic protection through recognition of internal, more conserved, influenza virus proteins. Here, we demonstrate using a recombinant influenza virus expressing the LCMV GP33-41 epitope that influenza virus-specific CD8+ T cells and virus-specific non-neutralizing antibodies each are relatively ineffective at conferring heterosubtypic protective immunity alone. However, when combined virus-specific CD8 T cells and non-neutralizing antibodies cooperatively elicit robust protective immunity. This synergistic improvement in protective immunity is dependent, at least in part, on alveolar macrophages and/or other lung phagocytes. Overall, our studies suggest that an influenza vaccine capable of eliciting both CD8+ T cells and antibodies specific for highly conserved influenza proteins may be able to provide heterosubtypic protection in humans, and act as the basis for a potential "universal" vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.