ArticleBreast cancer : basic and clinical research2013
ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 and CK5 in Early and Late Relapsing Breast Cancer-Reduced CK5 Expression in Metastases.
Article in Breast cancer : basic and clinical research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression of Estrogen Receptor Alpha and Ki-67 in Synchronous Canine Mammary Tumors.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2026Article
- Layered Single-Cell Heterogeneity in Hormone Receptor Signaling Across Mouse Organoids and Human ERα+ Cancer Cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immunohistochemical Breast Cancer Profiling Among Iraqi Women: Molecular Subtype Classification, Clinicopathology Associations, and Treatment-Decision Making Tools: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
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- Comparison of the Structural, Cytological and Biomarker Expression in Carcinoma in situ and Invasive Components in Breast Carcinoma.Iranian journal of pathology · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Through DNA, mRNA, and Protein in Diverse Malignancies.JCO precision oncology · 2023Article
- Association of Obesity and Diabetes With the Incidence of Breast Cancer in Louisiana.American journal of preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Correlation between ER, PR, HER-2, and Ki-67 with the risk of bone metastases detected by bone scintigraphy in breast cancer patients: A cross sectional study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2021Article
- HER2 Molecular Marker Scoring Using Transfer Learning and Decision Level Fusion.Journal of digital imaging · 2021Article
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- CRISPR/Cas9 based genome editing for targeted transcriptional control in triple-negative breast cancer.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2021Review
- The Utility of SOX2 and AGR2 Biomarkers as Early Predictors of Tamoxifen Resistance in ER-Positive Breast Cancer Patients.International journal of surgical oncology · 2021Article
- Application of Biomarkers for the Prediction and Diagnosis of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer.Journal of breast cancer · 2020Review
- 90 YEARS OF PROGESTERONE: Progesterone and progesterone receptors in breast cancer: past, present, future.Journal of molecular endocrinology · 2020Review
- Review
- HER2 overexpression and correlation with other significant clinicopathologic parameters in Ivorian breast cancer women.BMC clinical pathology · 2019Article
- High expression of CCL2 in tumor cells and abundant infiltration with CD14 positive macrophages predict early relapse in breast cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2019Article
- The Tumor Microenvironment as a Regulator of Endocrine Resistance in Breast Cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Canine mammary tumors as a model for human disease.Oncology letters · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer can recur even decades after the primary therapy. Markers are needed to predict cancer progression and the risk of late recurrence. The estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), proliferation marker Ki-67, and cytokeratin CK5 were studied to find out whether their expression or occurrence in subgroups of breast cancers correlated with the time of recurrence. The expression of HER2, ER, PR, Ki-67, and CK5 was studied by IHC in 72 primary breast cancers and their corresponding recurrent/metastatic lesions. The patients were divided into three groups according to the time of the recurrence/metastasis: before two years, after 5 years, and after 10 years. Based on their IHC profiles, the tumors were divided into surrogates of the genetically defined subgroups of breast cancers and the subtype definitions were as follows: luminal A (ER or PR+HER2-), luminal B (ER or PR+HER2+), HER2 overexpressing (ER-PR-HER2+), triple-negative (ER-PR-HER2-), basal-like (ER-PR-HER2-CK5+), non-classified (ER-PR-HER2-CK5-) and luminobasal (ER or PR+CK5+). In multivariate analysis, tumor size and HER2 positivity were a significant risk of early cancer relapse. The metastases showed a significantly lower CK5 expression. CK5 positivity distinguished triple negative tumors into rapidly and slowly recurring cancers. The IHC subtype ER or PR+HER2- luminal A presented a significantly lower risk of early tumor recurrence. Ki-67 expression denoted early-relapsing tumors and correlated linearly with tumor progression, since Ki-67 positivity declined gradually from early-relapsing toward late-recurring cancers.
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