ArticleBMC psychiatry2013
Standardization of a screening instrument (PHQ-15) for somatization syndromes in the general population.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05172804 (The Distinct Effects of Mind-Body Modalities on Health Outcomes in Nursing Students), which is not on this map. Cited by 141 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Distinct Effects of Mind-Body Modalities on Health Outcomes in Nursing Students
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Measurement Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and Somatic Symptom Scale-8: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2024Pooled it
- Screening for Behavioral Health Conditions in Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Review of the Literature.Journal of general internal medicine · 2018Pooled it
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- An interprofessional approach to treat bodily distress disorder in Swiss primary care - a quality improvement study.The European journal of general practice · 2026Article
- Life-course hygiene exposures and disorders of gut-brain interaction: a multinational cross-sectional study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Distinct pain profiles across irritable bowel syndrome subtypes: results from the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Burden, features and factor associated with disorders of gut-brain axis in Italy: results from the Rome foundation global epidemiology study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- The economic burden of road trauma injuries in Canada: a comparison of road user types.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Predicting depressive symptoms among Chinese college students using recurrent neural networks with longitudinal data.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Associations between psychological factors and functional dyspepsia symptoms with consideration of gender differences.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparative Study on Burden, Features and Determinants of Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction Between Southern Europe and the Rest of Continent: Results From the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study.United European gastroenterology journal · 2026Article
- Side-Specific Mastication Prevalence and Its Association With Sex, Anxiety, and Somatic Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Italian University Students.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2026Article
- Reliability and validity of the Kurdish version of the patient health questionnaire-15 in a trauma-affected population.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe PHQ-15 is widely used as an open access screening instrument for somatization syndromes in different health care settings, thus far, normative data from the general population are not available. The objectives of the study were to generate normative data and to further investigate the construct validity of the PHQ-15 in the general population.
methodsNationally representative face-to face household surveys were conducted in Germany between 2003 and 2008 (n=5,031). The survey questionnaires included, the 15-item somatization module from the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-15), the 9-item depression module (PHQ-9), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the SF-12 for the measurement of health related quality of life, and demographic characteristics.
resultsNormative data for the PHQ-15 were generated for both genders and different age levels including 5031 subjects (53.6% female) with a mean age (SD) of 48.9 (18.1) years. Somatization syndromes occured in 9.3% of the general population. Women had significantly higher mean (SD) scores compared with men [4.3 (4.1) vs. 3.4 (4.0)]. Intercorrelations with somatization were highest with depression, followed by the physical component summary scale of health related quality of life.
conclusionsThe normative data provide a framework for the interpretation and comparisons of somatization syndromes with other populations. Evidence supports reliability and validity of the PHQ-15 as a measure of somatization syndromes in the general population.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.