Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23512406›Full record

ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2013

Pain and opioid use in chronic liver disease.

Shari S Rogal, Daniel Winger, Klaus Bielefeldt, Eva Szigethy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Cannabis and liver transplant in the era of legalization: Effects of pretransplant cannabis use on postoperative opioid use and transplant outcomes.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2025
    Article
  7. Multidimensional experience of pain in adults with cirrhosis: A qualitative descriptive study.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2025
    Article
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  15. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Shari S RogalDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, C Wing, M Level, PUH, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA, rogalss@upmc.edu.
Daniel Winger
Klaus Bielefeldt
Eva Szigethy
University of Pittsburgh · US

Funding

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE INSTITUTE: BPCAUL1RR024153 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI REIS, STEVEN E · 2006 to 2011
$73.9M
University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000005 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI REIS, STEVEN E · 2012 to 2015
$50.8M
Digestive Diseases Training ProgramT32DK063922 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI ARTEEL, GAVIN E, YADAV, DHIRAJ · 2003 to 2022
$5.2M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000005NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000005NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024153NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK063922NIDDK NIH HHS T32-DK063922
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPain is common in patients with liver disease, difficult to treat, and poorly understood.

aimsThe aim of this study was to determine factors associated with pain and prescription opioid use in a large cohort of patients with confirmed chronic liver disease.

methodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with chronic liver disease visiting a tertiary-care hepatology clinic. Pain was determined by self-report and rated numerically from 0 to 10. Symptoms of mood and sleep disorders and emotional distress were based on a symptom checklist. Etiology and stage of liver disease and use of prescribed opioids were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Logistic regression was used to establish factors associated with pain and prescription opioid use.

resultsAmong 1,286 patients with chronic liver disease, 34 % had pain and 25 % used opioids. The strongest predictor of pain in multivariate modeling was emotional distress (OR 3.66, 95 % CI 2.40-5.64), followed by non-white race (OR 1.87, 95 % CI 1.24-2.79), mood symptoms (OR 1.47, 95 % CI 1.04-2.07), sleep disturbance/fatigue (OR 1.70, 95 % CI 1.24-2.32), and advanced liver disease (Child class B: OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.15-2.60; Child class C: OR 2.78, 95 % CI 1.49-5.24) compared to no cirrhosis. Emotional distress, mood-related symptoms, and advanced liver disease were also significant predictors of prescription opioid use, as were age, nicotine use, and etiology of liver disease.

conclusionsThis large cohort study demonstrates the high prevalence of pain and opioid use in chronic liver disease. While disease variables contribute to pain, psychological symptoms were most strongly associated with pain and opioid use, providing rationale and target for therapeutic interventions.

Indexed as

Severity of Illness IndexAdultAgedAnalgesics, OpioidChronic DiseaseCohort StudiesDisease ManagementFemaleHumansLiver DiseasesLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPainPrescriptionsAnalgesics, Opioid

Identifiers

PMID23512406
PMCPMC3751995
OpenAlexW2125584683

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.