ArticleExperimental neurology2013
Three-dimensional evaluation of retinal ganglion cell axon regeneration and pathfinding in whole mouse tissue after injury.
Article in Experimental neurology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- Frontiers of optic nerve regeneration research: an analysis of the top 100 most influential articles in the field from 2005 to 2025.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Whale Müller glia create a permissive environment supporting retinal ganglion cell survival and neurite outgrowth.iScience · 2026Article
- Single-cell analysis reveals cellular heterogeneity and limits of marker-based assessment in retinal ganglion cell-enriched organoid cultures.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- A glial cell-derived pathway directs regenerating optic nerve axons toward the optic chiasm.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- From Regeneration Failure to Functional Restoration: Unlocking the Neuronal-Intrinsic Regenerative Capacity as a Therapeutic Frontier for Optic Neuropathy and Glaucoma.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Technological advances in axonal regeneration and structural plasticity: optogenetics, single-cell omics, and tissue clearing.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Ngn2 and Isl1-mediated astrocyte-to-neuron conversion in vivo promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Human pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal ganglion cells: advances in differentiation and translational applications.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- A glial cell derived pathway directs regenerating optic nerve axons toward the optic chiasm.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Roles of Kdm6a and Kdm6b in Regulation of Mammalian Neural Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Functional optic tract rewiring via subtype- and target-specific axonal regeneration and presynaptic activity enhancement.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Engineered bio-functional material-based nerve guide conduits for optic nerve regeneration: a view from the cellular perspective, challenges and the future outlook.Regenerative biomaterials · 2025Review
- Electric field stimulation directs target-specific axon regeneration and partial restoration of vision after optic nerve crush injury.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- Marcks overexpression in retinal ganglion cells promotes optic nerve regeneration.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Novel laser model of optic nerve transection provides valuable insights about the dynamics of optic nerve regeneration.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Novel laser model of optic nerve transection provides valuable insights about the dynamics of optic nerve regeneration.Research square · 2024Article
- BDNF and cAMP are neuroprotective in a porcine model of traumatic optic neuropathy.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Unlocking the potential for optic nerve regeneration over long distances: a multi-therapeutic intervention.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Axon guidance in regeneration of the mature central.Neural regeneration research · 2023Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Injured retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons do not regenerate spontaneously, causing loss of vision in glaucoma and after trauma. Recent studies have identified several strategies that induce long distance regeneration in the optic nerve. Thus, a pressing question now is whether regenerating RGC axons can find their appropriate targets. Traditional methods of assessing RGC axon regeneration use histological sectioning. However, tissue sections provide fragmentary information about axonal trajectory and termination. To unequivocally evaluate regenerating RGC axons, here we apply tissue clearance and light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) to image whole optic nerve and brain without physical sectioning. In mice with PTEN/SOCS3 deletion, a condition known to promote robust regeneration, axon growth followed tortuous paths through the optic nerve, with many axons reversing course and extending towards the eye. Such aberrant growth was prevalent in the proximal region of the optic nerve where strong astroglial activation is present. In the optic chiasms of PTEN/SOCS3 deletion mice and PTEN deletion/Zymosan/cAMP mice, many axons project to the opposite optic nerve or to the ipsilateral optic tract. Following bilateral optic nerve crush, similar divergent trajectory is seen at the optic chiasm compared to unilateral crush. Centrally, axonal projection is limited predominantly to the hypothalamus. Together, we demonstrate the applicability of LSFM for comprehensive assessment of optic nerve regeneration, providing in-depth analysis of the axonal trajectory and pathfinding. Our study indicates significant axon misguidance in the optic nerve and brain, and underscores the need for investigation of axon guidance mechanisms during optic nerve regeneration in adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.