ArticleBiological psychiatry2014
Enhanced avoidance habits in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04685018 (The Neurocircuitry of Relief During Avoidance Learning in Patients With Obsessive-compulsive Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 189 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Neurocircuitry of Relief During Avoidance Learning in Patients With Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Who cites it
189 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 394 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review on Insomnia and Circadian Rhythms Desynchronization in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: From Childhood to Adulthood.Journal of sleep research · 2026Pooled it
- Fear conditioning and extinction in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Disrupted Dorsal Mid-Insula Activation During Interoception Across Psychiatric Disorders.The American journal of psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Habit Reversal Therapy in Obsessive Compulsive Related Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Evidence and CONSORT Evaluation of Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2019Pooled it
- A double-blind study assessing the impact of orbitofrontal theta burst stimulation on goal-directed behavior.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2022Trial
- Computational modelling reveals contrasting effects on reinforcement learning and cognitive flexibility in stimulant use disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder: remediating effects of dopaminergic D2/3 receptor agents.Psychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Shifting the balance between goals and habits: Five failures in experimental habit induction.Journal of experimental psychology. General · 2018Trial
- Sleep Deprivation Promotes Habitual Control over Goal-Directed Control: Behavioral and Neuroimaging Evidence.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017Trial
- Impaired midfrontal‑motor theta phase synchronization characterizes maladaptive motivational behavior in people with obsessive‑compulsive disorder.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- What can clinical disorders involving the basal ganglia tell us about the pathophysiology of obsessive and compulsive symptoms?Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Obsessive-compulsive tendencies shift the balance between competitive neurocognitive functions.iScience · 2026Article
- Comparative effects of inactivation and dopamine receptor agents in the dorsolateral and dorsomedial striatum on performance of action sequences in rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Male Sapap3 knockout mice show threat bias under conflict during platform-mediated avoidance task: effects of extinction with response prevention and implications for obsessive compulsive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of the cellular landscape in mammalian striatum.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Neural imbalance between feedback sensitivity and motor inhibition in compulsivity and negative urgency.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Distinct cognitive and functional connectivity features from healthy cohorts can identify clinical obsessive-compulsive disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Probing the habitual and compulsive-like basis of (dys)functional checking in the Observing Response Task, a rodent analogue relevant to obsessive-compulsive disorder.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A novel approach-avoidance task to study decision making under outcome uncertainty.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- Devaluation of response-produced safety signals reveals circuits for goal-directed versus habitual avoidance in dorsal striatum.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Human approach-avoidance conflict behaviour relates to transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom dimensions.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
129 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric condition that typically manifests in compulsive urges to perform irrational or excessive avoidance behaviors. A recent account has suggested that compulsivity in OCD might arise from excessive stimulus-response habit formation, rendering behavior insensitive to goal value. We tested if OCD patients have a bias toward habits using a novel shock avoidance task. To explore how habits, as a putative model of compulsivity, might relate to obsessions and anxiety, we recorded measures of contingency knowledge, explicit fear, and physiological arousal.
methodsTwenty-five OCD patients and 25 control subjects completed a shock avoidance task designed to induce habits through overtraining, which were identified using goal-devaluation. The relationship between habitual behavior, erroneous cognitions, and physiological arousal was assessed using behavior, questionnaires, subjective report, and skin conductance responses.
resultsA devaluation sensitivity test revealed that both groups could inhibit unnecessary behavioral responses before overtraining. Following overtraining, OCD patients showed greater avoidance habits than control subjects. Groups did not differ in conditioned arousal (skin conductance responses) at any stage. Additionally, groups did not differ in contingency knowledge or explicit ratings of shock expectancy following the habit test. Habit responses were associated with a subjective urge to respond.
conclusionsThese data indicate that OCD patients have a tendency to develop excessive avoidance habits, providing support for a habit account of OCD. Future research is needed to fully characterize the causal role of physiological arousal and explicit fear in habit formation in OCD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.