ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
Anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies in patients with cryptococcal meningitis.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00001352 (Cryptococcosis in Previously Healthy Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 163 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cryptococcosis in Previously Healthy Adults
Who cites it
163 citing papers in PubMed, 246 citations in OpenAlex.
- How have global guidelines advanced the management of cryptococcosis in two years?Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2026Article
- Review
- Toward a monogenic architecture of human infections: From 1996 to 2026.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- Anti-granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor autoantibodies: A rising cause of infectious diseases.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- GM-CSF orchestrates monocyte and granulocyte responses to Cryptococcus gattii.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Anti-cytokine autoantibodies in cryptococcal meningitis differ by HIV status: A cross-sectional analysis.Medical mycology · 2026Article
- Auto-Abs against type I IFNs: Strong, common, and global determinants of severe arboviral diseases.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- How I Treat: Infections and inborn errors of immunity-Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.Journal of human immunity · 2026Review
- ConcurrentCase reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- mGem: When immunity turns against itself-GM-CSF autoantibodies drive opportunistic infection risk.mBio · 2025Review
- Cryptococcus: Emerging host risk factors for infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Neutralizing GM-CSF autoantibodies impair neutrophil antifungal effector function in a patient with aspergillosis.The Journal of infection · 2025Article
- Peripheral blood CD4The Journal of infection · 2025Article
- Anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies in myeloid leukemias.Best practice & research. Clinical haematology · 2025Review
- The monogenic landscape of human infectious diseases.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Review
- Rapidly Progressive Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Following Cryptococcal Infection: Case Report and Literature Review.Respirology case reports · 2025Article
- Disseminated Cryptococcal Gattii infection in a patient with anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor autoantibody: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Antigen Titers in Cryptococcal Meningitis: What Determines How Fast They Fall?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Disseminated Cryptococcus over pancreas, lung, and brain: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2024Article
103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cryptococcal meningitis has been described in immunocompromised patients, as well as in those for whom no immune defect has been identified. GM-CSF regulates the function of phagocytes and pulmonary alveolar macrophages, critical elements in cryptococcal control. We performed clinical histories, immunological evaluation, and anticytokine autoantibody screening in four current patients with cryptococcal meningitis and identified and tested 103 archived plasma/cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients with cryptococcal meningitis. We assessed the ability of anti-GM-CSF autoantibody-containing plasmas to inhibit GM-CSF signaling. We recognized anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies in an otherwise healthy female with cryptococcal meningitis who later developed pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). Her diagnosis prompted screening of patients with cryptococcal meningitis for anticytokine autoantibodies. We identified seven HIV-negative patients with cryptococcal meningitis who tested positive for high-titer anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies. Two of the seven later developed evidence of PAP. Plasma from all patients prevented GM-CSF-induced STAT5 phosphorylation and MIP-1α production in normal PBMCs. This effect was limited to their IgG fraction. Anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies are associated with some cases of cryptococcal meningitis in otherwise immunocompetent patients. These cases need not have associated PAP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.