ReviewBiochimica et biophysica acta
Molecular mechanisms for generating transmembrane proton gradients.
Review in Biochimica et biophysica acta. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Redox-Activated Proton Transfer through a Redundant Network in the QJournal of chemical information and modeling · 2025Article
- Hybrid Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanical Methods For Studying Energy Transduction in Biomolecular Machines.Annual review of biophysics · 2023Review
- Tools for analyzing protonation states and for tracing proton transfer pathways with examples from the Rb. sphaeroides photosynthetic reaction centers.Photosynthesis research · 2023Article
- Proton transfer reactions: From photochemistry to biochemistry and bioenergetics.BBA advances · 2023Article
- Characterizing Protein Protonation Microstates Using Monte Carlo Sampling.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2022Article
- O to bR transition in bacteriorhodopsin occurs through a proton hole mechanism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Activating the Cpx response induces tolerance to antisense PNA delivered by an arginine-rich peptide inMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2021Article
- Protein Motifs for Proton Transfers That Build the Transmembrane Proton Gradient.Frontiers in chemistry · 2021Review
- Cavity hydration dynamics in cytochromeProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Design and fine-tuning redox potentials of metalloproteins involved in electron transfer in bioenergetics.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2016Review
- Structural Changes and Proton Transfer in Cytochrome c Oxidase.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Microscopic basis for kinetic gating in Cytochrome c oxidase: insights from QM/MM analysis.Chemical science · 2015Article
- Halorhodopsin pumps Cl- and bacteriorhodopsin pumps protons by a common mechanism that uses conserved electrostatic interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- Characterizing the proton loading site in cytochrome c oxidase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
- Changing hydration level in an internal cavity modulates the proton affinity of a key glutamate in cytochrome c oxidase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Membrane proteins use the energy of light or high energy substrates to build a transmembrane proton gradient through a series of reactions leading to proton release into the lower pH compartment (P-side) and proton uptake from the higher pH compartment (N-side). This review considers how the proton affinity of the substrates, cofactors and amino acids are modified in four proteins to drive proton transfers. Bacterial reaction centers (RCs) and photosystem II (PSII) carry out redox chemistry with the species to be oxidized on the P-side while reduction occurs on the N-side of the membrane. Terminal redox cofactors are used which have pKas that are strongly dependent on their redox state, so that protons are lost on oxidation and gained on reduction. Bacteriorhodopsin is a true proton pump. Light activation triggers trans to cis isomerization of a bound retinal. Strong electrostatic interactions within clusters of amino acids are modified by the conformational changes initiated by retinal motion leading to changes in proton affinity, driving transmembrane proton transfer. Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) catalyzes the reduction of O2 to water. The protons needed for chemistry are bound from the N-side. The reduction chemistry also drives proton pumping from N- to P-side. Overall, in CcO the uptake of 4 electrons to reduce O2 transports 8 charges across the membrane, with each reduction fully coupled to removal of two protons from the N-side, the delivery of one for chemistry and transport of the other to the P-side.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.