ReviewJournal of autoimmunity2013
Genetic association, seasonal infections and autoimmune basis of narcolepsy.
Review in Journal of autoimmunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Narcolepsy and psychosis: A systematic review.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2021Pooled it
- The role of orexin and MCH neurons in the hypothalamus in sleep-wake regulation and learning-forgetting balance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- The Role of T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Narcolepsy Type 1: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Narcolepsy following COVID-19: A case report and review of potential mechanisms.Clinical case reports · 2023Article
- Pediatric Narcolepsy-A Practical Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Genetics of Sleep Disorders in Children: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Lucid Dreaming, Nightmares, and Sleep Paralysis: Associations With Reality Testing Deficits and Paranormal Experience/Belief.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Schizophrenia and Influenza at the Centenary of the 1918-1919 Spanish Influenza Pandemic: Mechanisms of Psychosis Risk.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Review
- Narcolepsy - clinical spectrum, aetiopathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2019Review
- Autoimmunity to hypocretin and molecular mimicry to flu in type 1 narcolepsy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Vaccine-induced autoimmunity: the role of molecular mimicry and immune crossreaction.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2018Review
- Sleep disorders during childhood: a practical review.European journal of pediatrics · 2018Review
- The Medical and Economic Burden of Narcolepsy: Implications for Managed Care.American health & drug benefits · 2017Review
- Mapping the Hypocretin/Orexin Neuronal System: An Unexpectedly Productive Journey.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Molecular regulation of hypothalamic development and physiological functions.Molecular neurobiology · 2016Review
- H1N1 infection of sleep/wake regions results in narcolepsy-like symptoms.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- No Evidence for Disease History as a Risk Factor for Narcolepsy after A(H1N1)pdm09 Vaccination.PloS one · 2016Article
- Shining evolutionary light on human sleep and sleep disorders.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2016Review
- Amino Acid Variation in HLA Class II Proteins Is a Major Determinant of Humoral Response to Common Viruses.American journal of human genetics · 2015Article
- Sleep disorders, obesity, and aging: the role of orexin.Ageing research reviews · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In recent years, a growing number of potential autoimmune disorders affecting neurons in the central nervous system have been identified, including narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a lifelong sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness with irresistible sleep attacks, cataplexy (sudden bilateral loss of muscle tone), hypnagogic hallucinations, and abnormalities of Rapid Eye Movement sleep. Narcolepsy is generally a sporadic disorder and is caused by the loss of hypocretin (orexin)-producing neurons in the hypothalamus region of the brain. Studies have established that more than 90% of patients have a genetic association with HLA DQB1*06:02. Genome-wide association analysis shows a strong association between narcolepsy and polymorphisms in the TCRα locus and weaker associations within TNFSF4 (also called OX40L), Cathepsin H and the P2RY11-DNMT1 (purinergic receptor subtype P2Y11 to DNMT1, a DNA methytransferase) loci, suggesting an autoimmune basis. Mutations in DNMT1 have also been reported to cause narcolepsy in association with a complex neurological syndrome, suggesting the importance of DNA methylation in the pathology. More recently, narcolepsy was identified in association with seasonal streptococcus, H1N1 infections and following AS03-adjuvanted pH1N1 influenza vaccination in Northern Europe. Potential immunological pathways responsible for the loss of hypocretin producing neurons in these cases may be molecular mimicry or bystander activation. Specific autoantibodies or T cells cross-reactive with hypocretin neurons have not yet been identified, however, thus narcolepsy does not meet Witebsky's criteria for an autoimmune disease. As the brain is not an easily accessible organ, mechanisms of disease initiation and progression remain a challenge to researchers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.