Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23497499›Full record

ArticleJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2013

Enhancing sorafenib-mediated sensitization to gemcitabine in experimental pancreatic cancer through EMAP II.

Niranjan Awasthi, Changhua Zhang, Stefan Hinz, Margaret A Schwarz, Roderich E Schwarz

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. [Expression of YARS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its prognostic effect].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025
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  19. Replication-competent adenovirus expressing TRAIL synergistically potentiates the antitumor effect of gemcitabine in bladder cancer cells.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Niranjan AwasthiDivision of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Changhua Zhang
Stefan Hinz
Margaret A Schwarz
Roderich E Schwarz
The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · USIndiana University · US

Funding

EMAP II: Pulmonary Vascular MediatorR01HL114977 · NHLBI · UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER · PI SCHWARZ, MARGARET A · 2012 to 2015
$1.8M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL114977
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive human malignancies and tends to be relatively resistant to conventional therapies. Activated Ras oncogene mutations are found in up to 90% of PDAC, leading to activation of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Sorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor of the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway and of tumor angiogenesis. Endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide II (EMAP) enhances gemcitabine effects in PDAC. Antitumor activity of sorafenib was evaluated in combination with gemcitabine (Gem) and the antiangiogenic agent EMAP in experimental PDAC.

methodsCell proliferation and protein expression were analyzed by WST-1 assay and Western blotting. Animal survival studies were performed in murine PDAC xenografts.

resultsSorafenib decreased phospho-MEK, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-p70S6K and phospho-4EBP-1 expression in PDAC cells. Sorafenib inhibited in vitro proliferation of all four PDAC cell lines tested. Additive effects on cell proliferation inhibition were observed in the gemcitabine-sorafenib combination in PDAC cells, and in combinations of sorafenib or EMAP with gemcitabine in endothelial (HUVEC) and fibroblast (WI-38) cells. Sorafenib, alone or in combination with gemcitabine and EMAP, induced apoptosis in HUVECs and WI-38 cells as observed via increased expression of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) and caspase-3 proteins. Compared to controls (median survival: 22 days), animal survival increased after Gem therapy (29 days) but not in sorafenib (23 days) or EMAP therapy alone (25 days). Further increases in survival occurred in combination therapy groups Gem+sorafenib (30 days, p=0.004), Gem+EMAP (33 days, p=0.002), and Gem+sorafenib+EMAP (36 days, p=0.004), but not after the sorafenib+EMAP combination (24 days).

conclusionsThese findings demonstrate that the addition of a polymechanistic antiangiogenic agent such as EMAP can enhance the combination treatment effects of sorafenib and cytotoxic PDAC therapy.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntimetabolites, AntineoplasticApoptosisCarcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalCell Growth ProcessesCell Line, TumorCell SurvivalCytokinesDeoxycytidineDrug SynergismFemaleGemcitabineHumansMiceMice, SCIDNeoplasm ProteinsAntimetabolites, AntineoplasticCytokinesDeoxycytidineGemcitabineNeoplasm ProteinsNiacinamidePhenylurea CompoundsRNA-Binding Proteinssmall inducible cytokine subfamily E, member 1Sorafenib

Identifiers

PMID23497499
PMCPMC3618297
OpenAlexW2118014730

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.