Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23494468›Full record

ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2013

Design of an interpolyelectrolyte gastroretentive matrix for the site-specific zero-order delivery of levodopa in Parkinson's disease.

Ndidi C Ngwuluka, Yahya E Choonara, Girish Modi, Lisa C du Toit, Pradeep Kumar, Valence M K Ndesendo, Viness Pillay

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ndidi C NgwulukaDepartment of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Yahya E Choonara
Girish Modi
Lisa C du Toit
Pradeep Kumar
Valence M K Ndesendo
Viness Pillay

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study focused on developing a gastroretentive drug delivery system employing a triple-mechanism interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) matrix comprising high density, swelling, and bioadhesiveness for the enhanced site-specific zero-order delivery of levodopa in Parkinson's disease. An IPEC was synthesized and directly compressed into a levodopa-loaded matrix employing pharmaceutical technology and evaluated with respect to its physicochemical and physicomechanical properties and in vitro drug release. The IPEC-based matrix displayed superior mechanical properties in terms of matrix hardness (34-39 N/mm) and matrix resilience (44-47%) when different normality's of solvent and blending ratios were employed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the IPEC. The formulations exhibited pH and density dependence with desirable gastro-adhesion with Peak Force of Adhesion ranging between 0.15 and 0.21 N/mm, densities from 1.43 to 1.54 g/cm(3) and swellability values of 177-234%. The IPEC-based gastroretentive matrix was capable of providing site-specific levodopa release with zero-order kinetics corroborated by detailed mathematical and molecular modeling studies. Overall, results from this study have shown that the IPEC-based matrix has the potential to improve the absorption and subsequent bioavailability of narrow absorption window drugs, such as levodopa with constant and sustained drug delivery.

Indexed as

Drug CarriersAdhesivenessAnimalsAntiparkinson AgentsCarboxymethylcellulose SodiumChemistry, PharmaceuticalDelayed-Action PreparationsGalactansGastric MucosaHardnessHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationKineticsLevodopaMannansMethacrylatesAntiparkinson AgentsCarboxymethylcellulose SodiumDelayed-Action PreparationsDrug CarriersGalactansLevodopalocust bean gumMannansMethacrylatesPlant GumsPolymersSolvents

Identifiers

PMID23494468
PMCPMC3666024

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.