Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23494230›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2013

Multiple nicotine training doses in mice as a basis for differentiating the effects of smoking cessation aids.

Colin S Cunningham, Lance R McMahon

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Colin S CunninghamDepartment of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
Lance R McMahon
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · USThe University of Texas System · US

Funding

Nicotine dependence: neuropharmacology in monkeysR01DA025267 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI MCMAHON, LANCE R. · 2009 to 2018
$3.4M
NIDA NIH HHS DA25267NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA025267
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleReceptor mechanisms underlying the behavioral effects of clinically used nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists have not been fully established.

objectiveDrug discrimination was used to compare receptor mechanisms underlying the effects of smoking cessation aids.

methodsSeparate groups of male C57BL/6J mice discriminated 0.56, 1, or 1.78 mg/kg of nicotine base. Nicotine, varenicline, and cytisine were administered alone, in combination with each other, and in combination with mecamylamine and dihydro-β-erythroidine (DHβE). Midazolam and morphine were tested to examine sensitivity to non-nicotinics.

resultsThe ED50 value of nicotine to produce discriminative stimulus effects systematically increased as training dose increased. Varenicline and cytisine did not fully substitute for nicotine and, as compared with nicotine, their ED50 values varied less systematically as a function of nicotine training dose. Morphine did not substitute for nicotine, whereas midazolam substituted for the low and not the higher training doses of nicotine. As training dose increased, the dose of mecamylamine needed to produce a significant rightward shift in the nicotine dose-effect function also increased. DHβE antagonized nicotine in animals discriminating the smallest dose of nicotine. Varenicline did not antagonize the effects of nicotine, whereas cytisine produced a modest though significant antagonism of nicotine.

conclusionsThese results suggest that differences in pharmacologic mechanism between nicotine, varenicline, and cytisine include not only differences in efficacy at a common subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, but also differential affinity and/or efficacy at multiple receptor subtypes.

Indexed as

AlkaloidsAnimalsAzocinesBenzazepinesDihydro-beta-ErythroidineDiscrimination LearningDose-Response Relationship, DrugMaleMecamylamineMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMidazolamMorphineNicotineNicotinic AgonistsQuinolizidine AlkaloidsAlkaloidsAzocinesBenzazepinescytisineDihydro-beta-ErythroidineMecamylamineMidazolamMorphineNicotineNicotinic AgonistsQuinolizidine AlkaloidsQuinolizinesQuinoxalinesReceptors, NicotinicVarenicline

Identifiers

PMID23494230
PMCPMC3695008
OpenAlexW2053999763

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.